SQL基础操作（3）：对表中元进行简单删，改，查的操作【增在2中】

显示表中的列元素：desc 表名；

mysql> desc ysx;
+--------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field  | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id     | int          | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| name   | char(10)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| adress | varchar(10)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| pay    | decimal(5,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+--------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.13 sec)

这是我在数据库中新建的一个表，叫ysx，这次将会在这个表中进行操作
增（*补）：

mysql> insert into ysx
    -> values
    -> (6,'TOM','Beijing',625.26),
    -> (7,'BOB','Shanghai',908.03);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

是可以直接插入两行数据的
改的操作：update 表名
set 选择所要改变的列的值
where （表达式，代表着表达式成立时运行set）选择哪一行

mysql> select * from ysx;
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
| id   | name      | adress   | pay    |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
|    1 | 杨绍兴    | 吉林     | 888.88 |
|    2 | 小黄      | 江苏     | 777.77 |
|    3 | 文轩      | 青海     | 345.45 |
|    4 | 振轩      | 武汉     | 356.27 |
|    5 | 肖肖      | 武汉     | 362.37 |
|    6 | TOM       | Beijing  | 625.26 |
|    7 | BOB       | Shanghai | 908.03 |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update ysx
    -> set id=8
    -> where adress='武汉' ;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.07 sec)
Rows matched: 2  Changed: 2  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from ysx;
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
| id   | name      | adress   | pay    |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
|    1 | 杨绍兴    | 吉林     | 888.88 |
|    2 | 小黄      | 江苏     | 777.77 |
|    3 | 文轩      | 青海     | 345.45 |
|    8 | 振轩      | 武汉     | 356.27 |
|    8 | 肖肖      | 武汉     | 362.37 |
|    6 | TOM       | Beijing  | 625.26 |
|    7 | BOB       | Shanghai | 908.03 |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

注意：where可以把它理解成一个表达式，set只是改变列的值，只有满足where的条件才可以进行set
举一个例子

mysql> select * from ysx;
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
| id   | name      | adress   | pay    |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
|    1 | 杨绍兴    | 吉林     | 888.88 |
|    2 | 小黄      | 江苏     | 777.77 |
|    3 | 文轩      | 青海     | 345.45 |
|    8 | 振轩      | 武汉     | 356.27 |
|    8 | 肖肖      | 武汉     | 362.37 |
|    6 | TOM       | Beijing  | 625.26 |
|    7 | BOB       | Shanghai | 908.03 |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update ysx
    ->  set pay=100.00
    -> where adress='武汉' and name='振轩';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select* from ysx;
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
| id   | name      | adress   | pay    |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
|    1 | 杨绍兴    | 吉林     | 888.88 |
|    2 | 小黄      | 江苏     | 777.77 |
|    3 | 文轩      | 青海     | 345.45 |
|    8 | 振轩      | 武汉     | 100.00 |
|    8 | 肖肖      | 武汉     | 362.37 |
|    6 | TOM       | Beijing  | 625.26 |
|    7 | BOB       | Shanghai | 908.03 |
+------+-----------+----------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

从这个例子中，就可以看出，where的筛选作用
删除操作：delete from 表名
where 条件；【一定要小心】
大伙一定要小心，别手抖，

mysql> delete from ysx;
Query OK, 7 rows affected (0.13 sec)

我心都凉了，一定要小心，呜呜呜~~
删除其实和改差不多，注意理解好where
查找操作；select 列名1，列名2，…from 表名

mysql> select * from ysx;
+------+--------+---------+--------+
| id   | name   | adress  | pay    |
+------+--------+---------+--------+
|    6 | TOM    | Beijing | 625.26 |
|    3 | 文轩   | 青海    | 345.45 |
+------+--------+---------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select name,pay from ysx
    -> where id=3;
+--------+--------+
| name   | pay    |
+--------+--------+
| 文轩   | 345.45 |
+--------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

说一下前面常用的： select * from ysx; *代表所有的列 没有where就是输出所有行

mysql> select * from ysx;
+------+--------+---------+--------+
| id   | name   | adress  | pay    |
+------+--------+---------+--------+
|    6 | TOM    | Beijing | 625.26 |
|    3 | 文轩   | 青海    | 345.45 |
+------+--------+---------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)