Openstack基础服务运维 NOVA

NOVA计算服务

计算服务是云平台的工作负载的核心。

Nova中包含了7个子组件：NovaAPI、NovaCert、NovaCompute、NovaConductor、NovaScheduler、NovaConsoleauth和NovaVNC proxy。

（1）NovaAPI：是一个http服务，用来接受和处理客户端发送的HTTP请求；他接受用户的请求，将指令发送给消息队列，并由Nova服务的自服务执行创建的相关操作。

（2）NovaCert：用来管理证书的认证，保证所有的应用程序能在云上运行。

（3）NovaCompute：是Nova服务的核心子组件，通过novaclient进行交互，实现虚拟机的管理。负责在计算节点上对虚拟机实例的一系列操作，包括虚拟机迁移、快照的管理等。

（4）NovaConductor：Openstack中的RPC服务，提供对数据库的查询和权限的分配等。

（5）NovaScheduler：核心调度组件，包括虚拟机硬件资源的调度、节点调度等。同时，他还决定了虚拟机创建的具体位置。

（6）NovaConsoleauth：nova控制台的操作管理认证。

（7）NovaVNC proxy：Nova的控制台组件。实现了客户端和虚拟机实例的通信。

Nova把nova-compute单独部署在计算节点，其他服务部署在了控制节点。为了实现计算节点的nova-compute服务与控制节点上的其他子服务进行通信，需要在配置文件中配置rabbit消息队列服务。

[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/nova/nova.conf      

[DEFAULT]

enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata

my_ip = 192.168.100.10

use_neutron = true

firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller     //配置消息队列服务

[keystone_authtoken]                 //nova对接keystone

www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/

auth_url = http://controller:5000/

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = demo

user_domain_name = demo

project_name = service

username = nova

password = 000000

2.运维nova服务

[root@controller ~]# openstack image list         //查看镜像

+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+

| ID                                   | Name      | Status |

+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+

| 5b556f8f-6ddf-4139-972a-0eb61407ad23 | centos7.2 | active |

| 3b983a5e-8c0c-4d1f-b2fa-f47e9d29e3a9 | centos7.9 | active |

+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+

[root@controller ~]# glance image-list

+--------------------------------------+-----------+

| ID                                   | Name      |

+--------------------------------------+-----------+

| 5b556f8f-6ddf-4139-972a-0eb61407ad23 | centos7.2 |

| 3b983a5e-8c0c-4d1f-b2fa-f47e9d29e3a9 | centos7.9 |

+--------------------------------------+-----------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack network list      //查看网络

+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+

| ID                                   | Name    | Subnets                              |

+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+

| ce867fed-1561-46c0-b686-b02fdd0bb473 | ext-net | 09f2e786-82b9-4872-90b5-d7e451946bac |

+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack flavor list          //查询实例类型

+----+-----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+

| ID | Name      |  RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |

+----+-----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+

| 1  | m1.tiny   |  512 |   10 |         0 |     1 | True      |

| 2  | m1.small  | 1024 |   20 |         0 |     1 | True      |

| 3  | m1.medium | 2048 |   40 |         0 |     2 | True      |

+----+-----------+------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+

[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-list    //使用nova命令查看实例类型

+----+-----------+------------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+

| ID | Name      | Memory_MiB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | Description |

+----+-----------+------------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+

| 1  | m1.tiny   | 512        | 10   | 0         | 0    | 1     | 1.0         | True      | -           |

| 2  | m1.small  | 1024       | 20   | 0         | 0    | 1     | 1.0         | True      | -           |

| 3  | m1.medium | 2048       | 40   | 0         | 0    | 2     | 1.0         | True      | -           |

+----+-----------+------------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack server create --flavor  m1.small --image centos7.2 --nic net-id=ce867fed-1561-46c0-b686-b02fdd0bb473  centos7       //创建云主机

[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-create m1.test 4 2048 20 2    //创建云主机类型，<name><ID><内存大小><磁盘大小><cpu数量>

+----+---------+------------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+

| ID | Name    | Memory_MiB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | Description |

+----+---------+------------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+

| 4  | m1.test | 2048       | 20   | 0         | 0    | 2     | 1.0         | True      | -           |

+----+---------+------------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+-------------+

[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-show  m1.test       //查看实例的详细信息

+----------------------------+---------+

| Property                   | Value   |

+----------------------------+---------+

| OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled   | False   |

| OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral  | 0       |

| description                | -       |

| disk                       | 20      |

| extra_specs                | {}      |

| id                         | 4       |

| name                       | m1.test |

| os-flavor-access:is_public | True    |

| ram                        | 2048    |

| rxtx_factor                | 1.0     |

| swap                       | 0       |

| vcpus                      | 2       |

+----------------------------+---------+

[root@controller ~]# nova boot --flavor  m1.small --image centos7.9 --nic net-id=ce867fed-1561-46c0-b686-b02fdd0bb473  centos7.9

[root@openstack ~]# openstack   compute service list

+----+------------------+-----------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

| ID | Binary           | Host      | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated At                 |

+----+------------------+-----------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

|  1 | nova-scheduler   | openstack | internal | enabled | up    | 2023-04-10T05:59:15.000000 |

|  2 | nova-conductor   | openstack | internal | enabled | up    | 2023-04-10T05:59:12.000000 |

|  3 | nova-consoleauth | openstack | internal | enabled | up    | 2023-04-10T05:59:12.000000 |

|  6 | nova-compute     | openstack | nova     | enabled | up    | 2023-04-10T05:59:14.000000 |

+----+------------------+-----------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack server list         //查询云主机列表

+--------------------------------------+-----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+----------+

| ID                                   | Name      | Status  | Networks                | Image     | Flavor   |

+--------------------------------------+-----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+----------+

| d7ece902-f53e-4c0e-a63d-db1395fd072e | centos7.9 | ACTIVE  | ext-net=192.168.200.135 | centos7.9 | m1.small |

| 038562a2-99d7-434f-b374-53af5bec659b | centos7   | ACTIVE  | ext-net=192.168.200.44  | centos7.2 | m1.small |

| 06cc6990-558a-47cd-be10-f4ce88a5f5da | centos7.2 | SHUTOFF | ext-net=192.168.200.221 | centos7.2 | m1.small |

+--------------------------------------+-----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+----------+

[root@compute ~]# virsh  list --all          //在计算节点上查看虚拟机

 Id    Name                           State

----------------------------------------------------

 1     instance-00000005              running

 2     instance-00000006              running

 -     instance-00000004              shut off

[root@controller ~]# nova show centos7.9       //查看云主机详细信息