BGP路由反射器RR实验案例

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-17 16:11:09 发布

Fanmeang.

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-17 16:11:09 发布

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分类专栏： BGP 文章标签：网络 ensp 华为运维 BGP 路由反射器 RR

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Fanmeang/article/details/147895173

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学习完本文章可了解集群单RR的路由传递原则,进一步了解BGP路由反射器的工作原理。集群多RR实验将在下一章详细解析。

一、拓扑

基础配置

AR1
system
sysname AR1
int g 0/0/0
ip add 10.0.12.1 24
int g 0/0/1
ip add 10.0.13.1 24
int g 0/0/2
ip add 10.0.14.1 24
int g 0/0/3
ip add 10.0.15.1 24
q
int loopback 0
ip add 1.1.1.1 32
q
int loopback 1
ip add 10.0.1.1 32

AR2
system
sysname AR2
int g 0/0/0
ip add 10.0.12.2 24
q
int loopback 0
ip add 2.2.2.2 32
q
int loopback 1
ip add 10.0.2.2 32

AR3
system
sysname AR3
int g 0/0/0
ip add 10.0.13.3 24
q
int loopback 0
ip add 3.3.3.3 32
q
int loopback 1
ip add 10.0.3.3 32

AR4
system
sysname AR4
int g 0/0/0
ip add 10.0.14.4 24
q
int loopback 0
ip add 4.4.4.4 32
q
int loopback 1
ip add 10.0.4.4 32

AR5
system
sysname AR5
int g 0/0/0
ip add 10.0.15.5 24
q
int loopback 0
ip add 5.5.5.5 32
q
int loopback 1
ip add 10.0.5.5 32

底层路由协议配置,这里我使用OSPF,大家使用RIP、IS-IS都行只要能保证数据能够互相通信即可

AR1
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0
netw 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0
netw 10.0.13.1 0.0.0.0
netw 10.0.14.1 0.0.0.0
netw 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

AR2
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0
netw 10.0.12.2 0.0.0.0
netw 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0

AR3
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0
netw 10.0.13.3 0.0.0.0
netw 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0

AR4
ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0
netw 10.0.14.4 0.0.0.0
netw 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0

BGP配置

AR1
bgp 100
peer 2.2.2.2 as 100
peer 2.2.2.2 con l 0
peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
peer 3.3.3.3 as 100
peer 3.3.3.3 con l 0
peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
peer 4.4.4.4 as 100
peer 4.4.4.4 con l 0
peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local
peer 10.0.15.5 as 200

AR2
bgp 100
peer 1.1.1.1 as 100
peer 1.1.1.1 con l 0
peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local

AR3
bgp 100
peer 1.1.1.1 as 100
peer 1.1.1.1 con l 0
peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local

AR4
bgp 100
peer 1.1.1.1 as 100
peer 1.1.1.1 con l 0
peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local

AR5
bgp 200
peer 10.0.15.1 as 100

查看BGP邻居关系

[AR1]dis bgp peer

 BGP local router ID : 10.0.1.1
 Local AS number : 100
 Total number of peers : 4		  Peers in established state : 4

  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv

  2.2.2.2         4         100        2        3     0 00:00:31 Established    
   0
  3.3.3.3         4         100        2        2     0 00:00:04 Established    
   0
  4.4.4.4         4         100        2        2     0 00:00:04 Established    
   0
  10.0.15.5       4         200        8       10     0 00:06:40 Established    
   0

[AR2]dis bgp pper
             ^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[AR2]dis bgp peer

 BGP local router ID : 10.0.12.2
 Local AS number : 100
 Total number of peers : 1		  Peers in established state : 1

  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv

  1.1.1.1         4         100        2        2     0 00:00:51 Established    
   0

[AR3]dis bgp peer 

 BGP local router ID : 10.0.13.3
 Local AS number : 100
 Total number of peers : 1		  Peers in established state : 1

  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv

  1.1.1.1         4         100        2        3     0 00:00:37 Established    
   0

[AR4]dis bgp peer 

 BGP local router ID : 10.0.14.4
 Local AS number : 100
 Total number of peers : 1		  Peers in established state : 1

  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv

  1.1.1.1         4         100        2        3     0 00:00:47 Established    
   0

[AR5]dis bgp peer

 BGP local router ID : 10.0.15.5
 Local AS number : 200
 Total number of peers : 1		  Peers in established state : 1

  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv

  10.0.15.1       4         100        9        9     0 00:07:34 Established    
   0

路由反射器RR配置

AR1
bgp 100
peer 2.2.2.2 reflect-client

现在我们让AR3与AR4分别发布Loopback1的路由信息

AR3
bgp 100
netw 10.0.3.3 32

AR4
bgp 100
netw 10.0.4.4 32

查看每台路由的BGP路由表项

[AR1]dis bgp rout

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.1.1 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 2
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>i  10.0.3.3/32        3.3.3.3         0          100        0      i
 *>i  10.0.4.4/32        4.4.4.4         0          100        0      i

[AR2]dis bgp routing-table 

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.12.2 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 2
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>i  10.0.3.3/32        3.3.3.3         0          100        0      i
 *>i  10.0.4.4/32        4.4.4.4         0          100        0      i

[AR3]dis bgp routing-table 

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.13.3 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 1
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>   10.0.3.3/32        0.0.0.0         0                     0      i

[AR4]dis bgp routing-table 

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.14.4 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 1
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>   10.0.4.4/32        0.0.0.0         0                     0      i

[AR5]dis bgp routing-table 

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.15.5 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 2
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>   10.0.3.3/32        10.0.15.1                             0      100i
 *>   10.0.4.4/32        10.0.15.1                             0      100i

可以看到路由的传递是按照我们上一章所说的非非不传(从非客户机学习到的路由不传递给非客户机)的原则来传递BGP路由的,具体流程如下:

AR2作为我们的客户机我们会把从非客户机那里学习到的路由传递给AR2。
AR5作为EBGP对等体,我们会把从IBGP对等体学习到的路由传递给EBGP对等体。
AR3与AR4作为非客户机,从非客户机学习到的路由不会传递给非客户机。

现在我们在让AR2与AR5发布路由

AR2
bgp 100
netw 10.0.2.2 32

AR5
bgp 200
netw 10.0.5.5 32

查看每台设备的BGP路由表项

AR1
[AR1]dis bgp rout

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.1.1 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 4
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>i  10.0.2.2/32        2.2.2.2         0          100        0      i
 *>i  10.0.3.3/32        3.3.3.3         0          100        0      i
 *>i  10.0.4.4/32        4.4.4.4         0          100        0      i
 *>   10.0.5.5/32        10.0.15.5       0                     0      200i

[AR2]dis bgp routing-table 

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.12.2 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 4
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>   10.0.2.2/32        0.0.0.0         0                     0      i
 *>i  10.0.3.3/32        3.3.3.3         0          100        0      i
 *>i  10.0.4.4/32        4.4.4.4         0          100        0      i
 *>i  10.0.5.5/32        1.1.1.1         0          100        0      200i

[AR3]dis bgp routing-table

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.13.3 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 3
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>i  10.0.2.2/32        2.2.2.2         0          100        0      i
 *>   10.0.3.3/32        0.0.0.0         0                     0      i
 *>i  10.0.5.5/32        1.1.1.1         0          100        0      200i

[AR4]dis bgp routing-table

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.14.4 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 3
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>i  10.0.2.2/32        2.2.2.2         0          100        0      i
 *>   10.0.4.4/32        0.0.0.0         0                     0      i
 *>i  10.0.5.5/32        1.1.1.1         0          100        0      200i

AR5
[AR5]dis bgp rout

 BGP Local router ID is 10.0.15.5 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 4
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>   10.0.2.2/32        10.0.15.1                             0      100i
 *>   10.0.3.3/32        10.0.15.1                             0      100i
 *>   10.0.4.4/32        10.0.15.1                             0      100i
 *>   10.0.5.5/32        0.0.0.0         0                     0      i

BGP路由传递原则如下:

AR2作为我们的客户机,我们会把从客户机学习到的路由传递给所有非客户机和客户机(除发出这份路由的客户机),所以我们会将AR2发布的路由传递给非客户机AR3和AR4,AR5作为EBGP对等体正常按照BGP路由传递原则进行传递。
AR5作为EBGP对等体,我们会把从EBGP对等体学习到的路由传递给所有IBGP对等体,所以AR2、AR3和AR4都可以学习到AR5发布的路由信息。

以上就是本章的全部内容了,感谢大家的浏览观看!多RR的实验案例配置会在下一章和大家详细解析,文章若有错误或疑问可联系博主删除更改。