$ sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock
$ sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock
$ sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
$ sudo apt clean
$ sudo apt update --fix-missing
$ sudo apt install -f
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt dist-upgrade
$ sudo reboot
默认桌面设置以及修复
# 安装或者修复默认桌面
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
# 启动默认桌面
sudo service lightdm start
# 设置默认桌面(如果service无法启动)
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm