为什么要使用自定义分组?
MR在Reduce阶段,调用reduce()方法之前,会对接收到的数据进行分组。默认会调用key所属类的默认分组比较器进行分组,分组比较器默认又调用了排序比较器。如果我们按照默认的比较器进行分组,会导致分组规则和排序规则一致。
什么场景适合使用分组?
- topN
需求:有如下订单数据,现在求出每一个订单中最贵的商品。
首先我们分析:分组必先经过排序,我们可以自定义排序,按照订单id升序(或降序)价格降序排列。
如果我们不自定义分组比较器,那么就会同样的使用订单id和价格进行分组,只有订单id和价格相同的才会分到同一组,那这样我们的reduce端处理的数据没有意义。
所以我们自定义分组比较器,指定按照订单id进行分组。相同订单id的分到同一组,reduce即可直接找到每一组中价格最高的商品。
代码实现:
1.创建OrderBean,实现WritableComparable接口。
package com.aura.hadoop.group;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author panghu
* @description
* @create 2021-02-15-21:05
*/
public class OrderBean implements WritableComparable<OrderBean> {
private String orderId;
private String pdtId;
private double price;
@Override
public String toString() {
return orderId + "\t" + pdtId + "\t" + price;
}
public String getOrderId() {
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(String orderId) {
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public String getPdtId() {
return pdtId;
}
public void setPdtId(String pdtId) {
this.pdtId = pdtId;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput dataOutput) throws IOException {
dataOutput.writeUTF(orderId);
dataOutput.writeUTF(pdtId);
dataOutput.writeDouble(price);
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput dataInput) throws IOException {
this.orderId = dataInput.readUTF();
this.pdtId = dataInput.readUTF();
this.price = dataInput.readDouble();
}
/**
* 分组过程会调用分组比较器,分组比较器默认会调用默认的分类比较器
* 需求:求出每一个订单中最贵的商品
* 排序逻辑:先按照订单id排序,如果订单id相同,再按照价格降序
*
* @param o
* @return
*/
@Override
public int compareTo(OrderBean o) {
int compare = this.getOrderId().compareTo(o.getOrderId());
if (compare == 0) {
return Double.compare(o.getPrice(),this.getPrice());
} else {
return compare;
}
}
}
2.自定义分组比较器,继承WritableComparator 类。
package com.aura.hadoop.group;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparator;
/**
* @author panghu
* @description
* @create 2021-02-15-21:27
*/
public class GroupComparator extends WritableComparator {
// 构造器,初始化要比较的类型
protected GroupComparator() {
super(OrderBean.class,true);
}
/**
* 分组,订单号相同的一组
* 把订单号相同的k-v聚合成组
* @param a
* @param b
* @return
*/
@Override
public int compare(WritableComparable a, WritableComparable b) {
OrderBean order1 = (OrderBean) a;
OrderBean order2 = (OrderBean) b;
return order1.getOrderId().compareTo(order2.getOrderId());
}
}
3.创建Mapper类。
package com.aura.hadoop.group;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author panghu
* @description
* @create 2021-02-15-21:39
*/
public class GroupMappper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, OrderBean, NullWritable> {
private OrderBean order = new OrderBean();
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 0000001 Pdt_01 222.8
String[] split = value.toString().split("\t");
order.setOrderId(split[0]);
order.setPdtId(split[1]);
order.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(split[2]));
context.write(order,NullWritable.get());
}
}
4.创建Reducer类。
package com.aura.hadoop.group;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
* @author panghu
* @description
* @create 2021-02-15-21:44
*/
public class GroupReducer extends Reducer<OrderBean,NullWritable,OrderBean,NullWritable> {
// 每一组调用一次
@Override
protected void reduce(OrderBean key, Iterable<NullWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 直接写出就只写出每一组的排序第一的数据
context.write(key,NullWritable.get());
// 下面的代码可以写出每一组排序前2的数据
// Iterator<NullWritable> iterator = values.iterator();
// for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
// if (iterator.hasNext()) {
// context.write(key,iterator.next());
// }
// }
}
}
5.创建Driver类,并指定分组比较器。
package com.aura.hadoop.group;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author panghu
* @description
* @create 2021-02-15-21:47
*/
public class GroupDriver {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
Job job = Job.getInstance(new Configuration());
job.setJarByClass(GroupDriver.class);
job.setMapperClass(GroupMappper.class);
job.setReducerClass(GroupReducer.class);
// 指定分组比较器
job.setGroupingComparatorClass(GroupComparator.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(OrderBean.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(OrderBean.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job,new Path("D:\\data\\hadoopdata\\自定义分组"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job,new Path("D:\\data\\out\\group_out"));
boolean b = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(b ? 0 : 1);
}
}