复试每日训练

专业课

1. 顺序表的ASL是多少？（平均查找长度）

• 一般线性表的顺序查找
  ASL成功 = (n+1)/2
  ASL失败 = （n+1)
• 有序线性表的顺序查找
  ASL成功 = (n+1)/2
  ASL失败 = n/(n+1) + n/2
  

3. 什么是大O表示法？
   "大O表示法"表示程序的执行时间或占用空间随数据规模的增长趋势
   大O是所有语句频度之和的数量级

4. 内部排序和外部排序的典型排序方法？
   【内部排序】待排序记录存放在计算机随机存储器中（说简单点，就是内存）进行的排序过程。
   内部排序：插入排序、快速排序、选择排序、归并排序、基数排序等
   【外部排序】：待排序记录的数量很大，以致于内存不能一次容纳全部记录，所以在排序过程中需要对外存进行访问的排序过程。
   外部排序：多路平衡归并、置换-选择排序

5. 哪些算法是稳定的/不稳定的？
   
   【这个图有错】

6. 那些排序算法时间复杂度为O(n)?哪些排序算法不是原地排序？
   【原地(原址、就地)排序】：基本上不需要额外辅助的的空间，允许少量额外的辅助变量进行的排序
   属于原地排序的是：希尔排序、冒泡排序、插入排序、选择排序、堆排序、快速排序。

7. 用循环比递归的效率高吗？
   循环和递归两者是可以互换的，不能决定性的说循环的效率比递归高。

• 递归
  【优点】：代码简洁清晰，容易检查正确性；
  【缺点】：当递归调用的次数较多时，要增加额外的堆栈处理，有可能产生堆栈溢出的情况，对执行效率有一定的影响。

• 循环
  【优点】：结构简单，速度快；
  【缺点】：它并不能解决全部问题，有的问题适合于用递归来解决不适合用循环。

8. 头指针和头结点的区别？
   头指针∶是指向第一个节点存储位置的指针，具有标识作用，头指针是链表的必要元素，无论链表是否为空，头指针都存在。
   头结点:是放在第一个元素节点之前，便于在第一个元素节点之前进行插入和删除的操作，头结点不是链表的必须元素，可有可无，头结点的数据域也可以不存储任何信息。

9. 简述栈在括号匹配中的算法思想
   (1）出现的凡是“左括号”，则进栈；
   (2）出现的是“右括号”，首先检查栈是否空？若栈空，则表明该“右括号”多余,否则和栈顶元素比较？若相匹配，则栈顶“左括号出栈；否则表明不匹配
   (3）表达式检验结束时，若栈空，则表明表达式中匹配正确；否则表明“左括号”有余；

英语

Tell me something about your hometown

My home is Dazhou City in the province of Sichuan, located in the southwest of China. It has a history of nearly 5,000 years of archaeology. It is one of the three major gas fields in China and the starting point of the national “Sichuan Gas to the East”. Dazhou also has many customs and cultures, such as “Yuan Jiu climbing” activities. “Yuan jiu” refers to Yuan Zhen. After being banished to Dazhou, he did many good things. When he was transferred, thousands of people were unwilling to part. Therefore, every year on January 9th, men and women, old and young, race to the outside of the city, on the south of the city CuiPing mountain or the north of the city Phoenix Mountain, in order to commemorate the good officer, which has continued until now. But the most profound activity is stone bridge fire dragon, commonly known as “iron water”, enjoying the fire dragon discharge, so that the sparks splash, praying for good weather and good harvest in the New Year.

Introduce your reason for graduate school

With the development of Chinese society, more and more college students choose to go to graduate school. For me, there are three main reasons. First of all, I think the knowledge I learned during my undergraduate studies was too shallow and I did not really go deep into the core of the computer field, so I hope to build up my own knowledge system through further study during my master’s study. In addition, it is also very realistic that in the current job market, a master’s degree is still valuable, so I hope to improve my competitiveness in the talent market through postgraduate study. Third, I think it is the most important point, that is, I have not determined my future development direction, so I hope to take the three years of master’s as a buffer period. Under the guidance of my mentor, I can combine my own characteristics and discover my own potential, thus identifying myself clearly.

Introduce your family

I was born in Guangdong, but my home is in Sichuan, located in a small town in Dazhou City. My family is an ordinary farmer with simple social relations. I have a brother who is 13 years older than me, and I am the only college student in my family.

Introduce your weakness

I feel that my greatest weakness is that when I face something strange, I am prone to self-denial. For example, when a person walks up to me and scans me up and down, I will feel very unnatural. I have to check to see if I am properly dressed. Or sometimes worse, which causes me a lot of stress. But my friends sometimes reassure me that this is not a big weakness, and because of my sensitivity I can sometimes notice details that are easy to miss. So I will try my best to avoid the negative aspect.

Introduce your undergraduate school

Our university is located in Chengdu，Sichuan Province. It is one of the key universities in Sichuan Province, It is the first university to hold undergraduate normal education and has the longest history among normal universities in Sichuan province. In 2021, software engineering was selected as the national first-class specialty construction point. The teachers are very responsible, the students are serious and hardworking, and the food in the canteen is cheap and delicious.

How do you plan to study for your graduate programme

For the study of graduate courses, the first and most important thing is English. I will read an English article about graduate difficulty every day for training, and learn some English culture or daily communication sentences by watching Friends. The second is professional courses. Before I determine the direction, I will lay a solid foundation by reviewing theoretical knowledge such as data structure and computer network. After determining the direction, I will study in advance according to the tasks given by the tutor.

What support did your family have in your study? What role do they play?

My family is an ordinary peasant family, and I am the only college student. My family’s biggest support for my studies is financial. They pay my tuition and remit money to me every month. They are more like friends thousands of miles away and often worry about my physical condition.

Introduce a project you are most proud of

My proudest project is the development of a campus second-hand trading platform in the software engineering course, which is based on the mainstream Vue framework and elementui components in the market. This is my first complete project, which took four teammates and me about 3 months. For this reason, I also applied for a software copyright.

你有过线上学习的经历嘛？线上学习的优势和劣势？你最喜欢的一门课程是哪个？

Because of the covid-19, I experienced online study for one semester in my first year of college. The most valuable advantage of online study is convenience. Even though we are thousands of miles apart, we can communicate with each other through online meetings. One of the disadvantages is that we can’t interact immediately.
My favorite course is software engineering. The teacher of this class is strict and serious. At the beginning of this class, he gave my teammates and I a lot of pressure. The tasks he gave us were so high-level. But at the end of the class, I found it very useful.

介绍本科做的最值得说的一件事

在我本科最值得(worth saying)说的一件事是在校史馆中(school history museum)解说(comment)学校的历史。因为我过去不足够勇敢，难以在公众面前讲话，特别是陌生人。为了克服这个缺点，在我大学第二年，我尽我最大的努力去准备校史馆面试。最终，我成功进入(join the team)了。我不断的练习校史稿子，特别是在姿势、神态和语调。因为坚持，我带领了数十位(dozens)中学生(middle school student)来我校研学参观校史馆，并为他们详细地介绍我校的校史。

介绍你印象最深刻的项目中的：研究背景、研究方法、研究结论、遇到了什么问题以及如何解决、有哪些启发性收获？

影响最深刻地项目是在软件工程课程中开发的一款校园二手交易平台。这个平台是基于现在常见的(common)电商(E-commerce)平台项目，使用了市场上主流地Vue框架和ElementUI组件。我完成大部分网页（web page）编码，例如商品(commodity)展示、订单、权限管理(permission management)、角色管理等等。从这个项目中，我学会了如何完整的开发一个软件项目，前后端的数据格式(data format)，接口(interface)请求方法。

What’s your favorite book/ place?

我最喜欢的地方是海南。说到海南，我们就一定会想到大海。那是我高考(college entrance examination)结束后的第一个的暑假，我做轮船(make a ship)从广东到了海南。这是我第一次真正的认识海洋，碧绿(dark green)的海水(seawater)，深蓝的天空，以及轮船下面泛起的白色海浪（sea wave）。我们通常傍晚（evening）的时候才到海边（seaside）玩耍，沙子(sand)下面非常凉快。海南的水果也非常的丰富。