k8s集群安装

1. 一、环境准备
2. 操作系统 CentOS 7.X
3. 内存 2G 【至少】
4. CPU 2核【至少】
5. 硬盘 20G 【至少】

1.1   yum 源

1.2关闭防火墙，关闭selinux

#systemctl stop firewalld & systemctl disable firewalld

#setenforce 0

1.3关闭swap

#sed -i '/ swap / s/^/#/' /etc/fstab

1.4 系统环境

vi /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0

vm.swappiness=0

vm.overcommit_memory=1

vm.panic_on_oom=0

fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100

fs.file-max=52706963

fs.nr_open=52706963

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1

net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720

echo “* soft nofile 65536” >> /etc/security/limits.conf

echo “* hard nofile 65536” >> /etc/security/limits.conf

echo “* soft nproc 65536” >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo “* hard nproc 65536” >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo “* soft memlock unlimited” >> /etc/security/limits.conf

echo “* hard memlock unlimited” >>/etc/security/limits.conf

二、docker安装

2.1安装docker

#yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

#yum install docker-ce -y

#docker --version

#systemctl start docker & systemctl enable docker

2.2配置加速

#mkdir -p /etc/docker

#vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

{ "registry-mirrors": ["https://27zv9ros.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] }

#systemctl daemon-reload

#systemctl restart docker

三、主节点安装

3.1 安装kubernetes

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo

[kubernetes]

name=Kubernetes

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg

#yum -y install kubeadm kubelet kubectl --disableexcludes=kubernetes

#systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

3.2拉取镜像

#kubeadm config images list

//用kubeadm查看master上所需的镜像，下载并导入相关的镜像

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.0

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver:v1.15.0

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler:v1.15.0

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd:3.3.10

#docker pull coredns/coredns:1.3.1

打标记

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0 http://k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.15.0

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler:v1.15.0 http://k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.15.0

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver:v1.15.0 http://k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.15.0

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.0 http://k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.0

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd:3.3.10 http://k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.10

#docker tag coredns/coredns:1.3.1 http://k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1 http://k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1

#######删除未打标记的镜像，可不操作##########################33

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-apiserver:v1.15.0

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-controller-manager:v1.15.0

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-scheduler:v1.15.0

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/etcd:3.3.10

#docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.3.1

#docker images

3.3初始化

#kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --kubernetes-version=v1.15.0 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.1.100

注意：此处末尾会有提示，需要在执行的命令

#mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

#cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

#chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

初始化生成token一定要记录下来，后边在node节点使用kubeadm join往集群中添加节点时会用到。

# kubeadm join 192.168.0.102:6443 --token ij6at3.ehwxgh7vccsouuj5 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:a580d31f70262a442734796dac01c27963106e41750c5339dc3fb6e3e769eec6 --ignore-preflight-errors=Swap

# kubeadm token create --print-join-command 找回以上信息

3.4下载flannel网络

#wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

#kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

离线版 https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases

四、work节点安装

4.1镜像拉取

kube-proxy、pause、coredns、flannel（手动部署）

镜像的版本信息需要根据实际情况进行相应的修改。通过docker tag命令修改为kubeadm查到的标签即可。

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0

#docker pull mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1

#docker pull coredns/coredns:1.3.1

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0 http://k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.15.0

#docker tag coredns/coredns:1.3.1 http://k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.3.1

#docker tag mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1 http://k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1

##############可不操作###############3

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/kube-proxy:v1.15.0

#docker rmi mirrorgooglecontainers/pause:3.1

#docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.3.1

#docker images

4.2加入集群

#yum -y install kubeadm

#kubeadm join 192.168.1.100:6443 --token 16iqqc.w0j8vrrqwyq1kx7x --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5936509b58b84c0d7fe2aad932ccb6f806a131b0cc6262304fbff4fd94192749

注：如果因为没有在master执行网络附件。

需要重新执行加入的时候先重置命令：kubeadm reset

加入后，在master执行kubectl get nodes READY即可

五、测试

查看各个节点得pod状态

pod状态为Pending、ContainerCreating、ImagePullBackOff 都表明 Pod 没有就绪，Running 才是就绪状态。

如果有pod提示Init:ImagePullBackOff，说明这个pod的镜像在对应节点上拉取失败，我们可以通过 kubectl describe pod 查看 Pod 具体情况，以确认拉取失败的镜像：

kubectl logs podnome -n kube-system查看日志

#kubectl get pod --all-namespaces -o wide

#kubectl describe pod coredns-86c58d9df4-lrc44 --namespace=kube-system

#kubectl get componentstatus #查看组件运行状态

#kubectl get nodes #查看各个节点的信息

#kubectl get ns #查看命名空间

#kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide#查看命名空间kube-system中容器的启动情

况

#kubectl exec pod_name -c container_name -it -- /bin/bash #进入pod中的容器

六、dashboard面板管理

1) #docker pull http://k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64

#kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard-http.yml

2)docker load -i dashboard.tar ##下载tar包然后执行

七、命令介绍

#kubectl exec -ti <your-pod-name> -n <your-namespace> -- /bin/sh

//进入pod