定理 1:
g c d ( a , b ) ∗ l c m ( a , b ) = a ∗ b gcd(a,b)*lcm(a,b)=a*b gcd(a,b)∗lcm(a,b)=a∗b
定理 2(更相减损术):
a > = b , g c d ( a , b ) = g c d ( b , a − b ) = g c d ( a , a − b ) a>=b,gcd(a,b)=gcd(b,a-b)=gcd(a,a-b) a>=b,gcd(a,b)=gcd(b,a−b)=gcd(a,a−b)
2 g c d ( a , b ) g c d ( 2 a , 2 b ) 2gcd(a,b)gcd(2a,2b) 2gcd(a,b)gcd(2a,2b)
定理 3(欧几里得算法):
b ! = 0 , g c d ( a , b ) = g c d ( b , a ( m o d ) b ) b!=0,gcd(a,b)=gcd(b,a(mod)b) b!=0,gcd(a,b)=gcd(b,a(mod)b)