（77）--用框架爬取博客园信息并保存到数据库

# 用框架爬取博客园信息并保存到数据库

# cnlogs_itload.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import re
from ..items import CnblogItem,CnblogItemLoader
from datetime import datetime
from w3lib.html import  remove_tags
from urllib import request

# scrapy url去重 (指纹过滤)
# url_id = {url1,url2}
# task_q = Queue(r1,r2)

# itemloader
# ['发布与 ：2013-9-8'] -》输入管理器 ['2013-9-8'] - > 输出管理器 '2013-9-8' - > 赋值给item

class CnblogSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'cnblog_itemloader'
    allowed_domains = ['cnblogs.com']

    # 只针对cnblogspider 生效的配置
    custom_settings = {
        'ROBOTSTXT_OBEY' : False,
        'CONCURRENT_REQUESTS' : 100,
        'ITEM_PIPELINES' : {
            'day13.pipelines.CnblogPipeline': 1,
        }
    }

    headers = {
        "Host": "www.cnblogs.com",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36",
        "Content-Type": "application/json; charset=UTF-8",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
    }

    # 构建首次请求
    def start_requests(self):
        base_url = 'https://www.cnblogs.com/aggsite/SubCategories'
        body = '{"cateIds":"108698,2,108701,108703,108704,108705,108709,108712,108724,4"}'

        yield scrapy.Request(base_url,method='post',headers=self.headers,body=body,callback=self.parse)

    def parse(self, response):
        cate_list = response.xpath('//a/@href').extract()
        for url in cate_list:
            url = request.urljoin(response.url,url)
            yield scrapy.Request(url,callback=self.parse_first,meta={'url' : url})

    # 解析所有分类第一页
    def parse_first(self,response):
        url = response.meta['url'] + '%d'
        try:
            max_page = response.xpath('//div[@class="pager"]/a/text()').extract()[-2]
            max_page = int(max_page)
        except Exception as e:
            max_page = 1

        for i in range(max_page,0,-1):
            fullurl = url % i
            yield scrapy.Request(fullurl,callback=self.parse_list)

    def parse_list(self,response):
        article_list = response.xpath('//div[@class="post_item"]')

        for article in article_list:
            # 创建数据模型
            item = CnblogItem()
            itemloader = CnblogItemLoader(item=item,selector=article)

            itemloader.add_css('title','h3 a::text')
            itemloader.add_css('article_link','h3 a::attr(href)')
            itemloader.add_css('re_num','span.diggnum::text')
            itemloader.add_css('industry','p.post_item_summary::text')
            itemloader.add_css('author','div.post_item_foot a::text')
            itemloader.add_css('date_pub','div.post_item_foot::text')
            itemloader.add_css('comment','span.article_comment a::text')
            itemloader.add_css('read_num','span.article_view a::text')
            itemloader.add_value('crawl_time',datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
            itemloader.add_value('spider_name',self.name)

            # print(itemloader.load_item())
            # 详情页请求
            article_link = article.css('h3 a::attr(href)').extract_first()
            yield scrapy.Request(article_link,callback=self.parse_detail,meta={'data':itemloader})

    def parse_detail(self,response):
        itemloader = response.meta['data']
        itemloader.selector = response
        itemloader.add_xpath('content','//div[@id="post_detail"]')

        # print(itemloader.load_item())
        yield itemloader.load_item()

# items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy
from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
from scrapy.loader.processors import TakeFirst,Join,MapCompose
import re
from w3lib.html import remove_tags

class CnblogItemLoader(ItemLoader):
    default_output_processor = TakeFirst()

# 定义输入管理器
def v_format(value):
    # 数据已经被exetract
    for item in value:
        item.strip()
    return value

def process_date(date_pub):
    # 处理时间
    date_pub[0] = date_pub[-1].strip('\r\n ').strip('发布于 ')
    return date_pub

def get_num(value):
    num_pat = re.compile('\d+')
    res = num_pat.search(value[0])
    if res is not None:
        data = int(res.group())
    else:
        data = 0
    value[0] = data
    return value

def process_content(value):
    value[0] = remove_tags(value[0]).strip()
    return value

def process_title(value):
    value.append('_Alice')
    return value

class CnblogItem(scrapy.Item):
    title = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = process_title,
        output_processor = Join('$')
    )
    content = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = process_content
    )
    article_link = scrapy.Field()
    re_num = scrapy.Field()
    industry = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = v_format,
    )
    author = scrapy.Field()
    date_pub = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = process_date
    )
    comment = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor = get_num
    )
    read_num = scrapy.Field(
        input_processor=get_num
    )
    crawl_time = scrapy.Field()
    spider_name = scrapy.Field()

    def get_sql(self):
        sql = 'insert into py07_cnblog(title,content,article_link,re_num,industry,author,date_pub,comment,read_num,crawl_time,spider_name) ' \
              'values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
        data = (self["title"],self["content"],self["article_link"],self["re_num"],self["industry"],self["author"],self["date_pub"],self["comment"],self["read_num"],self["crawl_time"],self["spider_name"])
        return sql,data

# pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

import pymysql

class Day13Pipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        return item

class CnblogPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.conn = pymysql.connect('127.0.0.1','root','123456','han',charset='utf8')
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()

    def process_item(self,item,spider):
        # 插入数据库
        sql ,data = item.get_sql()
        self.cursor.execute(sql,data)
        self.conn.commit()

        return item

    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.cursor.close()
        self.conn.close()

# settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for day13 project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'day13'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['day13.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'day13.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'day13 (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 1

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'day13.middlewares.Day13SpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'day13.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
# ITEM_PIPELINES = {
#    'day13.pipelines.CnblogPipeline': 1,
# }

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

# main.py

from scrapy import cmdline

# cmdline.execute('scrapy crawl cnblog'.split())
# cmdline.execute('scrapy crawl cnblog_all'.split())
cmdline.execute('scrapy crawl cnblog_itemloader'.split())

# 爬取部分结果如下：

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