文章目录
前言
B站尚硅谷mybatis学习记录
01.项目创建步骤
提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,下面案例可供参考
创建mysql数据库
新建mybatis库,创建t_user表(字段:int:id, varchar: username, varchar: password, int:age, varchar: sex, varchar: phone)
id | username | password | age | sex | phone |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 张三 | 123456 | 25 | 男 | 16568321129 |
… | … | … | … | … | … |
创建Maven项目步骤
1.创建maven项目
修改Maven setting:home directory、setting file、repository;
2.pom.xml文件导入依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.fridas</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatisdemo1</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!--Mybatis核心-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--MySQL驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j日志
级别:FATAL(致命)>ERROR(错误)>WARN(警告)>INFO(信息)>DEBUG(调试)
从左到右打印的内容越来越详细-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mybatis EHCache整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- slf4j日志门面的一个具体实现 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.配置mybatis-config.xml文件
resource下新建mybatis-config.xml文件;可通过jdbc.properties来连接数据库
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--
Mybatis核心配置文件中,标签的顺序
properties?,settings?,typeAliases?,typeHandlers?,
objectFactory?,objectWrapperFactory?,reflectorFactory?,
plugins?,environments?,databaseIdProvider?,mappers?
-->
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>
<typeAliases>
<!--以包为单位,将包下的所有类型设置成默认的类型别名,即类名且不区分大小写-->
<package name="study.projo"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 通过jdbc.properties来连接数据库-->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url"
value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!--引入映射文件-->
<mappers>
<!--<mapper resource="mappers/UserMapper.xml"/>-->
<!--以包为单位引入映射文件要求:
1.mapper接口所在的包要与映射文件所在的包名保持一致
2.mapper接口要与映射文件名保持一致
-->
<package name="study.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
4.创建实体类
java下新建实体类,package:study.projo,新建名为user的java class文件,定义变量,无参构造器,getter,setter及tostring。
package study.projo;
/**
* @Description: user实体类
* @Author: zqf
* @Date: 2022/2/26 10:21
* @Version 1.0
**/
public class user {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
private String phone;
//有参无参构造,Setter,Getter,toString省略
}
5.创建mapper接口
新建study.mapper包,新建名为UserMapper接口,mapper类相当于dao层接口。
package study.mapper;
import study.projo.user;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
/**
* Mybatis面向接口编程的两个一致:
* 1.映射文件的namespace要与mapper接口的全类名保持一致
* 映射文件中SQL语句的id要与mapper接口中的方法名一致
*/
/**
* 增删改查
*/
int insertUser();
int deleteUser();
int updateUser();
user getUserById();
List<user> getUserList();
}
6.创建映射文件
resource下新建mappers包用以存放mapper映射文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="study.mapper.UserMapper">
<!--int insertUser();增-->
<insert id="insertUser">
insert into t_user values(null, '张三','123',23,'男','13160228531')
</insert>
<!--int deleteUser();删-->
<delete id="deleteUser">
delete from t_user where id = 2
</delete>
<!--int updateUser();改-->
<update id="updateUser">
update t_user set username='王二',password='123' where id = 11
</update>
<!--1、查询的标签select必须设置属性resultType或resultMap,用于设置实体类和数据库表的映射关系
resultType:自动映射,用于实体类user属性名和表中字段名一致的情况
resultMap:自定义映射,用于一对多或多对一或字段名和属性名不一致的情况
2、当查询的数据为多条时,不能使用实体类作为返回值,只能使用集合,否则会抛出异常
TooManyResultsException;但是若查询的数据只有一条,可以使用实体类或集合作为返回值
-->
<!--user getUserById();查询一个实体类对象-->
<select id="getUserById" resultType="study.projo.user">
select * from t_user where id = 11
</select>
<!--List<user> getUserList();查询集合-->
<select id="getUserList" resultType="user">
select * from t_user
</select>
</mapper>
注意:
*Mapper.xml映射文件有两种处理方法:(查看target是否编译生成相应的.xml文件)
a.将映射文件放在resource下,新建一个与mapper实体类所在包名一致的包,将映射文件放在这个包下面,且命名与对应的mapper一致;
b.在pom.xml中添加build模板如下:
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
7.junit测试
通过junit测试功能。在test.java中study包新建MyBatisTest的class文件。
SqlSession:代表Java程序和数据库之间的会话。(HttpSession是Java程序和浏览器之间的会话)
SqlSessionFactory:是“生产”SqlSession的“工厂”。
工厂模式:如果创建某一个对象,使用的过程基本固定,那么我们就可以把创建这个对象的相关代码封装到一个“工厂类”中,以后都使用这个工厂类来“生产”我们需要的对象。
package study;
import study.mapper.UserMapper;
import study.projo.user;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Description: 测试mybatis的增删改查功能
* @Author: zqf
* @Date: 2022/2/26 10:33
* @Version 1.0
**/
public class MyBatisTest {
@Test
public void tsetMyBatis() throws IOException {
/* 加载核心配置文件 */
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
/* 获取sqlSessionFactoryBuilder */
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
/* 获取sqlSessionFactory */
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(is);
/* 获取sqlSession对象,此时通过SqlSession对象所操作的sql都必须手动提交或回滚事务 */
// SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
/*创建sqlSession对象,此时通过SqlSession对象所操作的sql都会自动提交*/
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
/*获取mapper接口*/
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
/* 测试功能 */
int result = mapper.insertUser();
System.out.println("result:" + result);
/* 提交事务 */
// sqlSession.commit();
}
@Test
public void tsetUpdate() throws IOException {
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(is);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
/* 测试修改功能 */
int result = mapper.updateUser();
System.out.println("result:" + result);
}
@Test
public void testDelete() throws IOException {
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(is);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
/*测试删除功能*/
int result = mapper.deleteUser();
System.out.println("result:" + result);
}
@Test
public void testGetUserById() throws IOException {
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(is);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
/*测试查询一个实体类对象功能*/
// mapper.getUserById();
user result = mapper.getUserById();
System.out.println("result:" + result);
}
@Test
public void testGetUserList() throws IOException {
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(is);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
/*测试查询集合功能*/
List<user> result = mapper.getUserList();
// System.out.println("result:" + result + '\n');
/*lambda表达式*/
result.forEach(user -> System.out.println(user));
}
}
8.加入log4j日志
先在pom.xml中添加依赖,再在resources下新建log4j.xml配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">
<appender name="STDOUT" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
<param name="Encoding" value="UTF-8" />
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%-5p %d{MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS}
%m (%F:%L) \n" />
</layout>
</appender>
<logger name="java.sql">
<level value="debug" />
</logger>
<logger name="org.apache.ibatis">
<level value="info" />
</logger>
<root>
<level value="debug" />
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</log4j:configuration>
MySQL数据库连接
IDEA连接数据库时,URL后需要加时区 ? s e r v e r T i m e z o n e = G M T ( 或 U T C ) \color{red}{?serverTimezone=GMT(或UTC)} ?serverTimezone=GMT(或UTC)
跳过密码登录:
- 修改my.in/my.cnf配置文件
进入mysql安装目录,编辑my.ini文件
在[mysqld]下添加skip-grant-tables,保存即可。 - 使用管理员身份打开命令行
①重启mysql:
1、net stop mysql 2、net start mysql
②进入mysql,登录
mysql -u root -p
不用输入密码,直接回车(出现Enter Password 也一样直接回车,即可登陆成功)
③输入use mysql,修改root的密码:
update user set authentication_string=password(‘新密码’) where user=‘root’;
或者alter user ‘root’@‘localhost’ identified with mysql_native_password by ‘123456’;
flush privileges;
④退出:
quit;
⑤再次重启mysql:
1、net stop mysql 2、net start mysql
⑥测试是否成功就是是否登陆成功咯。
mysql -u root -p
Enter Password>‘新密码’
初始化MySQL密码
- 在命令行输入 mysql -u root -p 登录 mysql,可以随意输入一个密码,返回”Can’t connect to MySQL server on localhost (10061)”错误;
- 将mysql加入到Windows的服务中。切换到mysql安装目录下的bin文件夹,命令行运行"mysqld --install";
- 初始化mysql数据库,输入“mysqld --initialize --user=root --console”。最后面的 root@localhost后的文字为初始化后的root 密码,一定要记住;
- 此时使用“net start mysql”成功启动msyql,用生成的密码登录mysql;
- 通过alter user ‘root’@‘localhost’ identified with mysql_native_password by ‘123456’;
- 输入 flush privileges; 命令刷新权限。