基于Arduino和AS608模块的指纹门禁锁--舵机控制

FromMKF

已于 2022-11-11 21:54:56 修改

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文章标签： c语言单片机物联网

于 2022-11-11 19:07:45 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/From_MKF/article/details/127811352

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网上刷到很多视频，看见很多和我一样的大学生自己用单片机给自己宿舍安装指纹锁，我们宿舍经常忘带钥匙，而且随身携带钥匙也很麻烦，所以我选择像网上的一样自己给自己做一个指纹锁，刚好实验室有3D打印机，也正好用三维建模软件给指纹模块做一个外壳，和一些用机械结构来实现开门的结构件，建模时预留了RFID的安装位置，后续在增加，实物如下所示：

根据自己的实际情况连接好各模块后可以参考以下程序编程，注意指纹模块RX，TX脚位和舵机控制脚位需要和你连接模块的脚位对应。

舵机各引脚代表意思：

橙色信号线

红色5V电源线

棕色GND地线

AS608指纹模块引脚：

（图片来源于网络）

1.在此之前，我们先要下好<Adafruit_Findgerprint.h>的库文件，将下载好的库解压到项目文件中的lib目录下，后续程序中需要用到此头文件：

Adafruit-Fingerprint-Sensor-Library-master（单击跳转）

2.主程序代码如下：

#include <Adafruit_Fingerprint.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <Servo.h>

Servo myservo;
//软件串口模拟通信，用来指定RX，TX引脚
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);

//定义全局变量pos（舵机旋转度数）
int pos=0;

//初始化
Adafruit_Fingerprint finger = Adafruit_Fingerprint(&mySerial);
int fingerprintID = 0;
int getFingerprintIDez();

void setup() {
    //舵机信号口
    myservo.attach(5);
    //指纹传感器模块设置
    Serial.begin(9600);
    //设置传感器串行端口的数据速率
    finger.begin(57600);

    //下列语句识别是否安装指纹模块
    if (finger.verifyPassword()) {
        Serial.println("Found fingerprint sensor!");
    }
    else {
        Serial.println("Did not find fingerprint sensor :(");
        while (1) { delay(1); }
    }
}

void loop() {
    //初始化舵机度数（通电时舵机默认角度）
    //myservo.write(100);
    fingerprintID = getFingerprintIDez();
    delay(50);
    //如果找到下列指纹序号
    if(fingerprintID >= 0){
        pos=0;
        myservo.write(pos);
        delay(3800);
        pos=100;
        myservo.write(pos);
        delay(15);
    }
    delay(15);
}

//指纹匹配函数，返回值为ID号
int getFingerprintIDez() {
    uint8_t p = finger.getImage();
    if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK)  return -1;

    p = finger.image2Tz();
    if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK)  return -1;

    p = finger.fingerFastSearch();
    if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK)  return -1;

    return finger.fingerID;
}

3.主程序写完后，新建一个程序文件，编写以下程序用来添加指纹数据，该文件可在Adafruit库的官方示例程序中找到：

（添加指纹的操作在串口监视器中进行）

/***************************************************
  This is an example sketch for our optical Fingerprint sensor

  Designed specifically to work with the Adafruit BMP085 Breakout
  ----> http://www.adafruit.com/products/751

  These displays use TTL Serial to communicate, 2 pins are required to
  interface
  Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code,
  please support Adafruit and open-source hardware by purchasing
  products from Adafruit!

  Written by Limor Fried/Ladyada for Adafruit Industries.
  BSD license, all text above must be included in any redistribution
 ****************************************************/

#include <Adafruit_Fingerprint.h>


#if (defined(__AVR__) || defined(ESP8266)) && !defined(__AVR_ATmega2560__)
// For UNO and others without hardware serial, we must use software serial...
// pin #2 is IN from sensor (GREEN wire)
// pin #3 is OUT from arduino  (WHITE wire)
// Set up the serial port to use softwareserial..
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);

#else
// On Leonardo/M0/etc, others with hardware serial, use hardware serial!
// #0 is green wire, #1 is white
#define mySerial Serial1

#endif


Adafruit_Fingerprint finger = Adafruit_Fingerprint(&mySerial);

uint8_t id;
uint8_t getFingerprintEnroll();

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(9600);
    while (!Serial);  // For Yun/Leo/Micro/Zero/...
    delay(100);
    Serial.println("\n\nAdafruit Fingerprint sensor enrollment");

    // set the data rate for the sensor serial port
    finger.begin(57600);

    if (finger.verifyPassword()) {
        Serial.println("Found fingerprint sensor!");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Did not find fingerprint sensor :(");
        while (1) { delay(1); }
    }

    Serial.println(F("Reading sensor parameters"));
    finger.getParameters();
    Serial.print(F("Status: 0x")); Serial.println(finger.status_reg, HEX);
    Serial.print(F("Sys ID: 0x")); Serial.println(finger.system_id, HEX);
    Serial.print(F("Capacity: ")); Serial.println(finger.capacity);
    Serial.print(F("Security level: ")); Serial.println(finger.security_level);
    Serial.print(F("Device address: ")); Serial.println(finger.device_addr, HEX);
    Serial.print(F("Packet len: ")); Serial.println(finger.packet_len);
    Serial.print(F("Baud rate: ")); Serial.println(finger.baud_rate);
}

uint8_t readnumber(void) {
    uint8_t num = 0;

    while (num == 0) {
        while (! Serial.available());
        num = Serial.parseInt();
    }
    return num;
}

void loop()                     // run over and over again
{
    Serial.println("Ready to enroll a fingerprint!");
    Serial.println("Please type in the ID # (from 1 to 127) you want to save this finger as...");
    id = readnumber();
    if (id == 0) {// ID #0 not allowed, try again!
        return;
    }
    Serial.print("Enrolling ID #");
    Serial.println(id);

    while (!  getFingerprintEnroll() );
}

uint8_t getFingerprintEnroll() {

    int p = -1;
    Serial.print("Waiting for valid finger to enroll as #"); Serial.println(id);
    while (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) {
        p = finger.getImage();
        switch (p) {
            case FINGERPRINT_OK:
                Serial.println("Image taken");
                break;
            case FINGERPRINT_NOFINGER:
                Serial.println(".");
                break;
            case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR:
                Serial.println("Communication error");
                break;
            case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEFAIL:
                Serial.println("Imaging error");
                break;
            default:
                Serial.println("Unknown error");
                break;
        }
    }

    // OK success!

    p = finger.image2Tz(1);
    switch (p) {
        case FINGERPRINT_OK:
            Serial.println("Image converted");
            break;
        case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEMESS:
            Serial.println("Image too messy");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR:
            Serial.println("Communication error");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_FEATUREFAIL:
            Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_INVALIDIMAGE:
            Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");
            return p;
        default:
            Serial.println("Unknown error");
            return p;
    }

    Serial.println("Remove finger");
    delay(2000);
    p = 0;
    while (p != FINGERPRINT_NOFINGER) {
        p = finger.getImage();
    }
    Serial.print("ID "); Serial.println(id);
    p = -1;
    Serial.println("Place same finger again");
    while (p != FINGERPRINT_OK) {
        p = finger.getImage();
        switch (p) {
            case FINGERPRINT_OK:
                Serial.println("Image taken");
                break;
            case FINGERPRINT_NOFINGER:
                Serial.print(".");
                break;
            case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR:
                Serial.println("Communication error");
                break;
            case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEFAIL:
                Serial.println("Imaging error");
                break;
            default:
                Serial.println("Unknown error");
                break;
        }
    }

    // OK success!

    p = finger.image2Tz(2);
    switch (p) {
        case FINGERPRINT_OK:
            Serial.println("Image converted");
            break;
        case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEMESS:
            Serial.println("Image too messy");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR:
            Serial.println("Communication error");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_FEATUREFAIL:
            Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_INVALIDIMAGE:
            Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");
            return p;
        default:
            Serial.println("Unknown error");
            return p;
    }

    // OK converted!
    Serial.print("Creating model for #");  Serial.println(id);

    p = finger.createModel();
    if (p == FINGERPRINT_OK) {
        Serial.println("Prints matched!");
    } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR) {
        Serial.println("Communication error");
        return p;
    } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_ENROLLMISMATCH) {
        Serial.println("Fingerprints did not match");
        return p;
    } else {
        Serial.println("Unknown error");
        return p;
    }

    Serial.print("ID "); Serial.println(id);
    p = finger.storeModel(id);
    if (p == FINGERPRINT_OK) {
        Serial.println("Stored!");
    } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR) {
        Serial.println("Communication error");
        return p;
    } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_BADLOCATION) {
        Serial.println("Could not store in that location");
        return p;
    } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_FLASHERR) {
        Serial.println("Error writing to flash");
        return p;
    } else {
        Serial.println("Unknown error");
        return p;
    }

    return true;
}

4.指纹添加完成后，再新建一个程序文件，编写以下代码，用来测试指纹是否添加成功，该文件可在Adafruit库的官方示例程序中找到：

（添加指纹的操作在串口监视器中进行）

/***************************************************
  This is an example sketch for our optical Fingerprint sensor

  Designed specifically to work with the Adafruit BMP085 Breakout
  ----> http://www.adafruit.com/products/751

  These displays use TTL Serial to communicate, 2 pins are required to
  interface
  Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code,
  please support Adafruit and open-source hardware by purchasing
  products from Adafruit!

  Written by Limor Fried/Ladyada for Adafruit Industries.
  BSD license, all text above must be included in any redistribution
 ****************************************************/


#include <Adafruit_Fingerprint.h>


#if (defined(__AVR__) || defined(ESP8266)) && !defined(__AVR_ATmega2560__)
// For UNO and others without hardware serial, we must use software serial...
// pin #2 is IN from sensor (GREEN wire)
// pin #3 is OUT from arduino  (WHITE wire)
// Set up the serial port to use softwareserial..
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);

#else
// On Leonardo/M0/etc, others with hardware serial, use hardware serial!
// #0 is green wire, #1 is white
#define mySerial Serial1

#endif


Adafruit_Fingerprint finger = Adafruit_Fingerprint(&mySerial);

uint8_t getFingerprintID();

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(9600);
    while (!Serial);  // For Yun/Leo/Micro/Zero/...
    delay(100);
    Serial.println("\n\nAdafruit finger detect test");

    // set the data rate for the sensor serial port
    finger.begin(57600);
    delay(5);
    if (finger.verifyPassword()) {
        Serial.println("Found fingerprint sensor!");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Did not find fingerprint sensor :(");
        while (1) { delay(1); }
    }

    Serial.println(F("Reading sensor parameters"));
    finger.getParameters();
    Serial.print(F("Status: 0x")); Serial.println(finger.status_reg, HEX);
    Serial.print(F("Sys ID: 0x")); Serial.println(finger.system_id, HEX);
    Serial.print(F("Capacity: ")); Serial.println(finger.capacity);
    Serial.print(F("Security level: ")); Serial.println(finger.security_level);
    Serial.print(F("Device address: ")); Serial.println(finger.device_addr, HEX);
    Serial.print(F("Packet len: ")); Serial.println(finger.packet_len);
    Serial.print(F("Baud rate: ")); Serial.println(finger.baud_rate);

    finger.getTemplateCount();

    if (finger.templateCount == 0) {
        Serial.print("Sensor doesn't contain any fingerprint data. Please run the 'enroll' example.");
    }
    else {
        Serial.println("Waiting for valid finger...");
        Serial.print("Sensor contains "); Serial.print(finger.templateCount); Serial.println(" templates");
    }
}

void loop()                     // run over and over again
{
    getFingerprintID();
    delay(50);            //don't ned to run this at full speed.
}

uint8_t getFingerprintID() {
    uint8_t p = finger.getImage();
    switch (p) {
        case FINGERPRINT_OK:
            Serial.println("Image taken");
            break;
        case FINGERPRINT_NOFINGER:
            Serial.println("No finger detected");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR:
            Serial.println("Communication error");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEFAIL:
            Serial.println("Imaging error");
            return p;
        default:
            Serial.println("Unknown error");
            return p;
    }

    // OK success!

    p = finger.image2Tz();
    switch (p) {
        case FINGERPRINT_OK:
            Serial.println("Image converted");
            break;
        case FINGERPRINT_IMAGEMESS:
            Serial.println("Image too messy");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR:
            Serial.println("Communication error");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_FEATUREFAIL:
            Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");
            return p;
        case FINGERPRINT_INVALIDIMAGE:
            Serial.println("Could not find fingerprint features");
            return p;
        default:
            Serial.println("Unknown error");
            return p;
    }

    // OK converted!
    p = finger.fingerSearch();
    if (p == FINGERPRINT_OK) {
        Serial.println("Found a print match!");
    } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_PACKETRECIEVEERR) {
        Serial.println("Communication error");
        return p;
    } else if (p == FINGERPRINT_NOTFOUND) {
        Serial.println("Did not find a match");
        return p;
    } else {
        Serial.println("Unknown error");
        return p;
    }

    // found a match!
    Serial.print("Found ID #"); Serial.print(finger.fingerID);
    Serial.print(" with confidence of "); Serial.println(finger.confidence);

    return finger.fingerID;
}

// returns -1 if failed, otherwise returns ID #
int getFingerprintIDez() {
    uint8_t p = finger.getImage();
    if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK)  return -1;

    p = finger.image2Tz();
    if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK)  return -1;

    p = finger.fingerFastSearch();
    if (p != FINGERPRINT_OK)  return -1;

    // found a match!
    Serial.print("Found ID #"); Serial.print(finger.fingerID);
    Serial.print(" with confidence of "); Serial.println(finger.confidence);
    return finger.fingerID;
}

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