Gps与时间信息的提取

大家在跟踪定位的系统中，可能碰到这样的问题：视频采集之后形成的文件，在此文件中包括 gps数据信息，然后将根据该文件中的gps信息提取出来，然后然后根据这些信息在平面上将轨迹绘制出来，在这里，我主要讲解 mpeg文件的基本格式以及gps信息的提取，关于绘制，将gps信息转换的坐标的问题，读者可以自己查阅相关的资料 。

 

先看看文件序列头饰如何的定义 ，我也是从大网上搜索到的，不再进行翻译，我想对于任何一个开发者来说这点英文不算什么，你自己翻译。

 sequence header

 

this contains information related to one or more "group-of-pictures"

 

byte# data details

==================================================================

1-4 sequence header in hex 000001b3

code

12 bits horizontal size in pixels

12 bits vertical size in pixels

4 bits pel aspect ratio see below

18 bits picture rate see below

1 bit marker bit always 1

10 bits vbv buffer size minimum buffer needed to decode this

sequence of pictures; in 16kb units

1 bit constrained

parameter flag

1 bit load intra 0: false; 1: true (matrix follows)

quantizer matrix

64 bytes intra quantizer optional

matrix

1 bit load nonintra 0: false; 1: true (matrix follows)

quantizer matrix

64 bytes nonintra quantizer optional

matrix

- squence extension optional

data

- user data optional application-dependent data

===================================================================

 

aspect raios are defined by a code which represents the height and

width of the video image.

picture rates are also defined by a code that represents the number

of pictures that may be displayed each second.

 

each group of pictures has a header that contains one "i picture"

and zero or more b and p pictures. the header is concerned with

the time synchronisation for the first picture in this group, and

the closeness of the previous group to this one.

 

/*****************************************************************/

 

for picture rate:

1 = 23.976 frames/sec

2 = 24

3 = 25

4 = 29.97

5 = 30

6 = 50

7 = 59.94

8 = 60

 

here gives an example. below is hex dump of first 256 bytes of

the first video frame of test.mpg from xingmpeg.

 

00 00 01 b3 16 00 f 0 c 4 02 a 3 20 a 5 10 12 12 14

14 14 16 16 16 16 18 18 19 18 18 1a 1b 1b 1b 1b

1a 1c 1d 1e 1e 1e 1d 1c 1e 1f 20 21 21 20 1f 1e

21 23 23 24 23 23 21 25 26 27 27 26 25 29 2a 2a

2a 29 2d 2d 2d 2d 30 31 30 34 34 38 16 00 f 0 c 4

00 00 01 b8 00 08 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 0a 72 00

00 00 01 01 13 f 9 50 02 bc b2 b8 be 68 8b a4 9f

c5 b5 ca 00 56 76 39 65 f 2 30 8b a6 9d 50 69 e7

da fe 13 cf b7 ff 8f f4 ce 7b fa 0e f0 66 ae 1c

5d e7 00 c 8 0a 92 b9 29 3c 21 23 f 1 d6 40 13 06

f0 10 10 c 6 27 80 a 0 34 e 1 c 8 e4 0f 74 91 da c4

03 a 0 dc 03 12 60 18 49 27 1d d4 bc 67 0e 54 8c

96 fc 5d c0 06 e0 1a 72 11 7c 9a 8d c9 45 89 6d

cd c4 0b 63 dc 90 18 24 00 ec 84 90 18 10 c 9 3b

1e a7 60 3c 9d 74 80 76 05 0b 02 81 a 9 29 39 68

53 8f 59 f 1 bf 93 fb a0 04 01 bc b0 ce 18 e1 25

 

sequence header = (hex) 00 00 01 b3

horizontal size = 0x160 = 352

vertical size = 0x 0f 0 = 240

pel aspect ratio = [i don't know]

picture rate = 4 = 29.97 frames/sec

marker bit = 1

 

如果你连这个都看不懂，那建议你不用往下看，因为下面连这样的清楚的讲解都没有。当我们知道了文件的头以及连续动画图片的数据信息，（在例子代码中有视频与音频数据的分解提取）。

 

理解上面的上面头文件格式之后，让我们来实现测定 MPEG Stream Type

 

关于DWORD_SWAP 与NextStartCode 在源码中都有，你只要明白这么做，具体为什么这么做，似乎也是你自己该研究的问题，或许你有更好的方法，抛砖引玉 （这样你会更深刻的理解与操作mpeg文件）。

 

int CheckMPEGStreamType (const char * mpgfile)

{

     char sDataBuf [32768];

     char *sPtr;

     DWORD dwLeft, dwPackStartCode;

     FILE * fp;

     int iRet = -1;

     BOOL bMP4 = false;

 

     fp = fopen (mpgfile, "rb");

     if (!fp)

         return iRet;

     dwLeft = fread (sDataBuf, 1, 32768, fp);

     fclose (fp);

 

     sPtr = sDataBuf;

    

     if (DWORD_SWAP(*(UNALIGNED DWORD *)sPtr) == 0x000001BA)

     {     // MPEG-1 Syatem, MPEG-2 program or MPEG-4 Program

         // check if MPEG-1 or MPEG-2(MPEG-4)

         if ((*(PBYTE)(sPtr+4) & 0x40) == 0x0) {         // MPEG-1 Syatem

              iRet = 1;

         } else { // Check if MPEG-2 or MPEG-4

              bMP4 = false;

              while (dwLeft >= 4)

{

                   NextStartCode ((const BYTE **)&sPtr, &dwLeft);

                   dwPackStartCode = DWORD_SWAP(*(UNALIGNED DWORD *)sPtr);

                   if (dwPackStartCode == 0x000001b6) { // MPEG-4 stuff

                       bMP4 = true;

                       break;

                   }

                   dwLeft --;

                   sPtr ++;

              }

              if (bMP4)

                   iRet = 4;

              else

                   iRet = 2;

         }

     } else if (*sPtr == 0x47)

 {                // MPEG-2 Transport or MPEG-4 Transport

         while (dwLeft >= 188 && *(char *)sPtr == 0x47)

{

              DWORD dwSubLeft;

              char * sSubPtr;

              dwSubLeft = dwLeft;

              sSubPtr = sPtr;

              while (dwSubLeft >= 4) {

                   NextStartCode ((const BYTE **)&sSubPtr, &dwSubLeft);

                   dwPackStartCode = DWORD_SWAP(*(UNALIGNED DWORD *)sSubPtr);

                   if (dwPackStartCode == 0x000001b6) { // MPEG-4 stuff

                       bMP4 = true;

                       break;

                   }

                   dwSubLeft --;

                   sSubPtr ++;

              }

              if (bMP4) {

                   iRet = 5;

                   break;

              }

              dwLeft -= 188;

              sPtr += 188;;

         }

         if (iRet == -1)        // Can not find MPEG-4 Stuff, so MPEG-2

              iRet = 3;

     } else                      // We ignore ES checking in this code

         iRet = -1;