Day28-线程状态观测、线程优先级、守护线程、线程同步
线程状态观测
package com.ghy.state;
//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {//线程等待五秒钟(阻塞状态),然后再运行
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("小赵终止线程");
});
//观察状态
Thread.State state =thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//NEW
//观察启动后
thread.start();//启动线程
state =thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//RUN
//只要线程不终止就一直输出状态
while(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){//判断线程是否终止
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
;
state = thread.getState();//更新线程状态
System.out.println(state);//输出状态
}
//thread.start();线程无法启动(死亡后的线程不能再次启动)
}
}
输出
NEW
RUNNABLE
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
TIMED_WAITING
小赵来咯
TERMINATED
线程优先级
package com.ghy.state;
//测试线程的优先级
public class TestPriority {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//主线默认优先级
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
MyPriority myPriority =new MyPriority();
Thread t1 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t2 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t3 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t4 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t5 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t6 = new Thread(myPriority);
//先设置优先级,在启动
t1.start();
t2.setPriority(1);
t2.start();
t3.setPriority(4);
t3.start();
t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);//最大优先级,MAX_PRIORITY=10
t4.start();
t5.setPriority(8);
t5.start();
t6.setPriority(7);
t6.start();
}
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
}//每个线程打印自己的名字,和自己的优先级
}
输出
main-->5//默认优先级
Thread-0-->5
Thread-3-->10//概率问题
Thread-1-->1
Thread-2-->4
Thread-5-->7
Thread-4-->8
守护线程
package com.ghy.state;
//测试守护线程
public class TestDaemon {
public static void main(String[] args) {
XiaoGong xiaoGong = new XiaoGong();
XiaoZhao xiaoZhao = new XiaoZhao();
Thread thread =new Thread(xiaoZhao);
thread.setDaemon(true);//默认是false表示用户线程,正常的线程都是用户线程。。。
thread.start();//小赵守护线程启动
new Thread(xiaoGong).start();//小龚用户线程启动
}
}
//小赵
class XiaoZhao implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
System.out.println("小赵保佑着小龚");
}
}
}
//小龚
class XiaoGong implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("小龚被小赵守护的第"+i+"天");
}
System.out.println("和小赵白头!");
}
}
输出
小龚用户线程结束,小赵守护线程也结束,由于虚拟机停止需要一段时间,所以运行了一会才结束
线程同步
多个线程操作统一个资源
-
并发:同一个对象被多个线程同时操作
队列和锁
三大不安全案例
- 买票不安全
package com.ghy.syn;
//不安全的买票
//线程不安全
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BuyTicket buyTicket =new BuyTicket();
new Thread(buyTicket,"赵学生").start();
new Thread(buyTicket,"赵老师").start();
new Thread(buyTicket,"赵黄牛").start();
}
}
//买票的方法
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
//10张票
private int ticketNums =10;
boolean flag =true;//外部停止方式
@Override
public void run() {
//买票
while (flag){
buy();
}
}
private void buy(){
//判断是否有票
if(ticketNums<=0){
flag=false;//循环停止
return;
}
//模拟延时
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//买票
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到了第"+ticketNums--+"张票!");
}
}
输出
这三个线程会抢到同一张票,也有可能票为负数。
- 银行取钱
package com.ghy.syn;
//不安全的取钱
//两个人去取钱,要有账户
public class UnsafeBank {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//账户
Account account =new Account(100,"结婚基金");
Drawing xiaoZhao =new Drawing(account,50,"小赵");
Drawing xiaoGong =new Drawing(account,80,"小龚");
//线程启动
xiaoZhao.start();
xiaoGong.start();
}
}
//账户
class Account{
int money;//余额
String name;//卡名
public Account(int money, String name) {
this.money = money;
this.name = name;
}
}
//银行:模拟取钱
class Drawing extends Thread{
Account account;//账户
int drawingMoney;//取了多少钱
int nowMoney;//现在多少钱
public Drawing (Account account,int drawingMoney,String name){
super(name);
this.account=account;
this.drawingMoney=drawingMoney;
}
//取钱
@Override
public void run() {
//判断余额是否有钱取出
if(account.money-drawingMoney<0){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"你个穷瓜蛋没有钱!");
return;
}
//模拟延时
//sleep可以方法问题的发生性
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//卡内余额=余额-你取出来的钱
account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
//你手里现在的钱=现在的钱 + 你取出来的钱
nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;
System.out.println(account.name+"余额为"+account.money);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"手里的钱"+nowMoney);
}
}
输出
结婚基金余额为50
小赵手里的钱50
结婚基金余额为-30
小龚手里的钱80
问题:余额成了负数
- 线程不安全的集合
package com.ghy.syn;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
//线程不安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> list =new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
new Thread(()->{
list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}).start();
}
//模拟延时
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//输出线程集合大小
System.out.println(list.size());
}
}
输出
9999