首先,截个图给大家看看效果:
初始化状态
放大后的状态
点击选中后的状态
如上图所示,一般的涉及到的地图的统计涉及到上述所展示的三个状态:1、初始化状态;2、缩放后的状态;3、点击选中显示详情状态。第一种状态下,加载统计图,一般来说,在地图上显示的统计图只是一个趋势或者示意,详细的还得去点击显示;第二种状态,随着地图的缩放,地图统计图随着地图的大小变化;第三种状态,点击选中,在信息框显示详细的统计图的信息。
首先,跟大家谈谈地图统计图几种实现方式。目前情况下,在Arcgis for Javascript下面,实现统计图有三种方式。
1、示意图方式
示意图方式是最简单的一种方式,什么意思呢,就是用一个静态的png图片的方式,示意图的数据不代表真实的数据,示意在该状态时是地图统计图,详细的统计信息在点击示意图的时候才会出现。
2、后台生成图片方式
后台生成图片的方式也是有很多人采取的一种解决方案,在这种方式下,地图上的统计图的数据代表真实的数据信息,地图上的统计图是在后台用java或者c#生成的,并在地图上展示出来,并通过点击获取详细统计信息,这种处理方式就是将压力交给服务器,减小客户端压力,但是显示的效果不好。
3、前台直接展示方式
前台直接展示是将统计数据传给前台,前台生成统计图的方式。这种方式对客户端的压力比较大,而且从技术上来说,也是最难的。
了解了上述三种统计图的生成方式,接下来了解一下统计图在地图中的展示方式。不论是上述那种方式,统计图在地图中的显示都是通过graphic和graphiclayer来展示的,只是前两种展示的是栅格图,后一种方式展示的是矢量图,每一个统计图是一个graphic对象,统计图在graphiclayer中显示。
下文将详细的讲述上述三种状态下的实现思路与方式。
第一,加载统计图。
在此,数据是json格式的,统计图的显示是通过X与Y去定位的,JSON的数据如下:
var CITY_DATA={
"total":34,
"items":[{"id":1,"name":"乌鲁木齐","X":87.575829,"Y":43.782212},
{"id":2,"name":"拉萨","X":91.162998,"Y":29.71042},
{"id":3,"name":"西宁","X":101.797303,"Y":36.593642},
{"id":4,"name":"兰州","X":103.584297,"Y":36.119086},
{"id":5,"name":"成都","X":104.035508,"Y":30.714179},
{"id":6,"name":"重庆","X":106.519115,"Y":29.478925},
{"id":7,"name":"贵阳","X":106.668071,"Y":26.457312},
{"id":8,"name":"昆明","X":102.726775,"Y":24.969385},
{"id":9,"name":"银川","X":106.167225,"Y":38.598524},
{"id":10,"name":"西安","X":108.967128,"Y":34.276112},
{"id":11,"name":"南宁","X":108.233931,"Y":22.748296},
{"id":12,"name":"海口","X":110.346181,"Y":19.96992},
{"id":13,"name":"广州","X":113.226683,"Y":23.18307},
{"id":14,"name":"长沙","X":112.947928,"Y":28.169916},
{"id":15,"name":"南昌","X":115.893715,"Y":28.652363},
{"id":16,"name":"福州","X":119.246768,"Y":26.070765},
{"id":17,"name":"台北","X":121.503567,"Y":25.008274},
{"id":18,"name":"杭州","X":120.183046,"Y":30.330584},
{"id":19,"name":"上海","X":121.449707,"Y":31.253361},
{"id":20,"name":"武汉","X":114.216597,"Y":30.579253},
{"id":21,"name":"合肥","X":117.262302,"Y":31.838353},
{"id":22,"name":"南京","X":118.805692,"Y":32.085022},
{"id":23,"name":"郑州","X":113.6511,"Y":34.746308},
{"id":24,"name":"济南","X":117.048331,"Y":36.60841},
{"id":25,"name":"石家","X":114.478215,"Y":38.033276},
{"id":26,"name":"太原","X":112.483066,"Y":37.798404},
{"id":27,"name":"呼和浩特","X":111.842806,"Y":40.895751},
{"id":28,"name":"天津","X":117.351094,"Y":38.925719},
{"id":29,"name":"沈阳","X":123.296299,"Y":41.801604},
{"id":30,"name":"长春","X":125.26142,"Y":43.981984},
{"id":31,"name":"哈尔","X":126.567138,"Y":45.69381},
{"id":32,"name":"北京","X":116.068276,"Y":39.892225},
{"id":33,"name":"香港","X":114.093117,"Y":22.427852},
{"id":34,"name":"澳门","X":113.552482,"Y":22.184495}
]
};
紧接着,就是显示统计图,代码如下:
var chartLayer = new GraphicsLayer({"id":"chartLayer"});
map.addLayer(chartLayer,1);
chartLayer.on("click",showDetailChart);
addReadPopup(CITY_DATA);
function addReadPopup(data){
var items= data.items;
for(var i=0;i<data.total;i++){
var symbol = new PictureMarkerSymbol("bar.png",20,30);
symbol.setOffset(-10,18);
var pt=new Point(items[i].X,items[i].Y,map.spatialReference);
var graphic = new esri.Graphic(pt,symbol,items[i]);
chartLayer.add(graphic);
}
};
通过X与Y,将每一个统计图通过graphic的方式添加到graphiclayer里。
第二,缩放时统计图大小的变化。
地图缩放时,统计图的大小也得随着地图的缩放发生相对应的变化,如下:
map.on("zoom-end",function(zoom){
var level=zoom.level;
var symbol = new PictureMarkerSymbol("bar.png",20*(level-3),30*(level-3));
symbol.setOffset(-10*(level-3),18*(level-3));
var graphics = chartLayer.graphics;
for(var i=0;i<graphics.length;i++){
graphics[i].symbol = symbol;
chartLayer.redraw();
}
});
这里,主要通过监听map的zoom-end事件,去重新绘制统计图。
第三,点击显示详细图。
点击是监听的graphiclayer的click事件,点击图通过infowindow的方式显示详细统计图信息,这里面就好做多了,如下:
function showDetailChart(evt){
var graphic = evt.graphic;
graphic.symbol.url="bar_select.png";
chartLayer.redraw();
map.infoWindow.setTitle("<b>"+graphic.attributes.name+"</b>");
var content="<div style='text-align: center;'><img src='bar_detail.png'/></div>";
map.infoWindow.setContent(content);
map.infoWindow.show(graphic.geometry);
$(".maximize").hide();
$(".close").click(function(){
restoreChart(evt);
});
};
function restoreChart(evt){
var graphic = evt.graphic;
graphic.symbol.url="bar.png";
chartLayer.redraw();
};
通过以上几步,就基本上实现了地图统计图部分的功能。完整代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no"/>
<title>Simple Map</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://localhost/arcgis_js_api/library/3.9/3.9/js/esri/css/esri.css">
<style>
html, body, #map {
height: 100%;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body {
background-color: #FFF;
overflow: hidden;
font-family: "Trebuchet MS";
}
</style>
<script src="http://localhost/arcgis_js_api/library/3.9/3.9/init.js"></script>
<script src="jquery-1.8.3.js"></script>
<script>
var CITY_DATA={
"total":34,
"items":[{"id":1,"name":"乌鲁木齐","X":87.575829,"Y":43.782212},
{"id":2,"name":"拉萨","X":91.162998,"Y":29.71042},
{"id":3,"name":"西宁","X":101.797303,"Y":36.593642},
{"id":4,"name":"兰州","X":103.584297,"Y":36.119086},
{"id":5,"name":"成都","X":104.035508,"Y":30.714179},
{"id":6,"name":"重庆","X":106.519115,"Y":29.478925},
{"id":7,"name":"贵阳","X":106.668071,"Y":26.457312},
{"id":8,"name":"昆明","X":102.726775,"Y":24.969385},
{"id":9,"name":"银川","X":106.167225,"Y":38.598524},
{"id":10,"name":"西安","X":108.967128,"Y":34.276112},
{"id":11,"name":"南宁","X":108.233931,"Y":22.748296},
{"id":12,"name":"海口","X":110.346181,"Y":19.96992},
{"id":13,"name":"广州","X":113.226683,"Y":23.18307},
{"id":14,"name":"长沙","X":112.947928,"Y":28.169916},
{"id":15,"name":"南昌","X":115.893715,"Y":28.652363},
{"id":16,"name":"福州","X":119.246768,"Y":26.070765},
{"id":17,"name":"台北","X":121.503567,"Y":25.008274},
{"id":18,"name":"杭州","X":120.183046,"Y":30.330584},
{"id":19,"name":"上海","X":121.449707,"Y":31.253361},
{"id":20,"name":"武汉","X":114.216597,"Y":30.579253},
{"id":21,"name":"合肥","X":117.262302,"Y":31.838353},
{"id":22,"name":"南京","X":118.805692,"Y":32.085022},
{"id":23,"name":"郑州","X":113.6511,"Y":34.746308},
{"id":24,"name":"济南","X":117.048331,"Y":36.60841},
{"id":25,"name":"石家","X":114.478215,"Y":38.033276},
{"id":26,"name":"太原","X":112.483066,"Y":37.798404},
{"id":27,"name":"呼和浩特","X":111.842806,"Y":40.895751},
{"id":28,"name":"天津","X":117.351094,"Y":38.925719},
{"id":29,"name":"沈阳","X":123.296299,"Y":41.801604},
{"id":30,"name":"长春","X":125.26142,"Y":43.981984},
{"id":31,"name":"哈尔","X":126.567138,"Y":45.69381},
{"id":32,"name":"北京","X":116.068276,"Y":39.892225},
{"id":33,"name":"香港","X":114.093117,"Y":22.427852},
{"id":34,"name":"澳门","X":113.552482,"Y":22.184495}
]
};
var map, mapCenter;
require([
"esri/map",
"esri/layers/ArcGISTiledMapServiceLayer",
"esri/layers/FeatureLayer",
"esri/layers/GraphicsLayer",
"esri/geometry/Point",
"esri/symbols/PictureMarkerSymbol",
"esri/symbols/SimpleLineSymbol",
"esri/renderers/SimpleRenderer",
"dojo/_base/Color",
"dojo/domReady!"],
function(Map,
Tiled,
FeatureLayer,
GraphicsLayer,
Point,
PictureMarkerSymbol,
SimpleLineSymbol,
SimpleRenderer,
Color)
{
map = new Map("map", {logo:false,slider: true});
var tiled = new Tiled("http://localhost:6080/arcgis/rest/services/chinamap/MapServer");
map.addLayer(tiled,0);
mapCenter = new Point(103.847, 36.0473, map.spatialReference);
map.centerAndZoom(mapCenter,4);
var chartLayer = new GraphicsLayer({"id":"chartLayer"});
map.addLayer(chartLayer,1);
chartLayer.on("click",showDetailChart);
addReadPopup(CITY_DATA);
function addReadPopup(data){
var items= data.items;
for(var i=0;i<data.total;i++){
var symbol = new PictureMarkerSymbol("bar.png",20,30);
symbol.setOffset(-10,18);
var pt=new Point(items[i].X,items[i].Y,map.spatialReference);
var graphic = new esri.Graphic(pt,symbol,items[i]);
chartLayer.add(graphic);
}
map.on("zoom-end",function(zoom){
var level=zoom.level;
var symbol = new PictureMarkerSymbol("bar.png",20*(level-3),30*(level-3));
symbol.setOffset(-10*(level-3),18*(level-3));
var graphics = chartLayer.graphics;
for(var i=0;i<graphics.length;i++){
graphics[i].symbol = symbol;
chartLayer.redraw();
}
});
};
function showDetailChart(evt){
var graphic = evt.graphic;
graphic.symbol.url="bar_select.png";
chartLayer.redraw();
map.infoWindow.setTitle("<b>"+graphic.attributes.name+"</b>");
var content="<div style='text-align: center;'><img src='bar_detail.png'/></div>";
map.infoWindow.setContent(content);
map.infoWindow.show(graphic.geometry);
$(".maximize").hide();
$(".close").click(function(){
restoreChart(evt);
});
};
function restoreChart(evt){
var graphic = evt.graphic;
graphic.symbol.url="bar.png";
chartLayer.redraw();
};
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="map">
</div>
</body>
</html>
最后,第三种方式的实现目前本人正在努力实现,实现后会第一时间与大家分享,如有不对,还望指正!
如有疑问,请联系QQ:1004740957或者e-mail:niujp08@qq.com,联系请说明来意,谢谢!