hibernate注解：多对多双向

本次实验环境：spring boot + spring data jpa + hibernate

---

本次实验用例：

  学生：
      id
      name
      teachers
  教师：
      id
      nr
      students

本次实例展示如何编写多对多双向关系，直接展示常用的编写方式，不再涉及假设讨论。

#Teacher类：

@Entity
@Table(name="t_n2n_teacher")
public class Teacher {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name="t_teacher_student", joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id"), inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="student_id"))
    private List<Student> students;

    //getter与setter省略
}

@JoinTable设置中间表，name为中间表名，joinColumns为本类在中间表中的字段，inverseJoinColumns为另一方在中间表中的字段。

#Student类：

@Entity
@Table(name="t_n2n_student")
public class Student {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name="t_teacher_student", joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="student_id"), inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id"))
    private List<Teacher> teachers;

    //getter与setter省略
}

#生成表

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CRUD：

• 添加teacher，直接添加即可。
  Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
teacher.setName("李老师");
teacherDao.saveAndFlush(teacher);
• 更新teacher，先查出原有数据再更新。
  Teacher teacher = teacherDao.findOne(1L);
teacher.setName("李教授");
teacherDao.saveAndFlush(teacher);
• 删除teacher，级联删除中间表对应数据。
  teacherDao.delete(1L);

• 查询teacher，@ManyToMany默认为懒加载。
  Teacher findOne = teacherDao.findOne(1L);
System.err.println(findOne.getName());

• 添加student，直接添加。
  Student student = new Student();
student.setName("小红");
studentDao.saveAndFlush(student);

• 更新student，先查出原有数据再更新。
  Student student = studentDao.findOne(1L);
student.setName("大明");
studentDao.saveAndFlush(student);
• 删除student，级联删除中间表对应数据。
  studentDao.delete(1L);;

• 查询student，@ManyToMany默认烂加载。
  Student findOne = studentDao.findOne(1L);
System.err.println(findOne.getName());

• 添加student和teacher关系，不管从student方还是teacher方都能设置，但是得保证在同一个session中
  @Transactional
public void teach() {
Teacher teacher = teacherDao.findOne(1L);
Student student = studentDao.findOne(1L);
List<Student> students = teacher.getStudents();
students.add(student);
teacherDao.saveAndFlush(teacher);
}

@Transactional
public void learn() {
Student student = studentDao.findOne(1L);
Teacher teacher = teacherDao.findOne(1L);
List<Teacher> teachers = student.getTeachers();
teachers.add(teacher);
studentDao.saveAndFlush(student);
}


• 删除关系，即删除中间表的数据，建议直接通过原生的sql实现。
  @Modifying
@Transactional
@Query(nativeQuery=true, value="delete from t_teacher_student where teacher_id=?1 and student_id=?2")
public int notTeach(Long teacherId, Long studentId);

@Modifying
@Transactional
@Query(nativeQuery=true, value="delete from t_teacher_student where teacher_id=?1 and student_id=?2")
public int notLearn(Long teacherId, Long studentId);

  notTeach方法定义在TeacherDao中，notLearn方法定义在StudentDao中，不管通过哪一方都能删除。