2020/10/25 Vertical prototype(垂直原型)
A Vertical Prototype is normally developed during the later stages of rapid prototyping analysis. The Vertical Prototype contains a stripped down version of the core functions of the system. These functions provide the ability to enter data and store it in a database, as well as the ability to display data on query screens and reports.
http://www.articlesfactory.com/articles/technology/vertical-prototype.html
https://www.usabilityfirst.com/glossary/horizontal-and-vertical-prototypes/index.html
https://w3.windfair.net/wind-energy/news/24827-directtech-tuv-rheinland-vertical-prototype
2020/10/25 Storyboard(故事板)
A storyboard is a visual representation of a film sequence and breaks down the action into individual panels. It is a series of ordered drawings, with camera direction, dialogue, or other pertinent details. It sketches out how a video will unfold, shot by shot.
https://cn.bing.com/search?q=storyboard&qs=n&FORM=BESBTB&sp=-1&pq=vertical+prototype&sc=1-18&sk=&cvid=AADF286E530544498EC5374BE8EEAE92&ensearch=1
https://www.storyboardthat.com/
https://boords.com/best-storyboard-software
2020/10/25 Viewpoints methons（多视点方法）
The Viewpoints, adapted for stage acting by Anne Bogart, are an improvisational system that trains an actor to use their body in time and space to create meaning. They are points of awareness that a performer or crea
https://setoncc.libguides.com/c.php?g=458814&p=3136397
https://dramatics.org/understanding-viewpoints/
https://edwardwillett.com/2000/03/the-viewpoints-method-of-acting/
2020/10/25 Entity Life History(实体生命史)
Viewpoints is a technique of composition that provides a vocabulary for thinking about and acting upon movement and gesture. Originally developed in the 1970s by choreographer Mary Overlie as a method of movement improvisation.
https://www.biography.com/political-figure/kamala-harris
http://tedb.byu.edu/?page_id=501
2020/10/30 Enterprise modeling(企业建模)
Enterprise modeling is a term for the modeling of various processes, infrastructures, asset groups, or other elements of a business or organization. Enterprise modeling helps leaders to visualize what is going on within a business and how to make changes. Early forms of enterprise modeling helped analysts to fix hardware and deal with other sorts of troubleshooting.
https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-enterprise-modelling.htm
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/28051/enterprise-modeling
https://www.dataversity.net/enterprise-data-modeling/
2020/10/30 Participant constraint(参与约束)
In a Relationship, Participation constraint specifies the existence of an entity when it is related to another entity in a relationship type. It is also called minimum cardinality constraint. This constraint specifies the number of instances of an entity that can participate in a relationship type.
https://prepinsta.com/dbms/participation-constraints/
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/Entity-Relationship-Participation-in-Database
https://www.gatevidyalay.com/participation-constraints/
2020/10/30 Concepet domain（概念域）
The conceptual domain from which we draw metaphorical expressions to understand another conceptual domain is called source domain, while the conceptual domain that is understood this way is the target domain. Thus, life, arguments, love, theory, ideas, social organizations, and others are target domains, while journeys, war, buildings, food, plants, and others are source domains.
https://microtica.com/the-concept-of-domain-driven-design-explained/
https://www.thoughtco.com/target-domain-conceptual-metaphors-1692527
https://www.brightstorm.com/math/algebra/graphs-and-functions/domain-and-range/
2020/10/30 classical categorization theory(经典分类理论)
The classical theory of concepts is one of the five primary theories of concepts, the other four being prototype or exemplar theories, atomistic theories, theory-theories, and neoclassical theories. The classical theory implies that every complex concept has a classical analysis, where a classical analysis of a concept is a proposition giving metaphysically necessary and jointly sufficient conditions for being in the extension across possible worlds for that concept.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/theories-of-cognitive-categorization-classification.html
https://iep.utm.edu/conc-cl/
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-psychology/chapter/classification-and-categorization/
2020/10/30 Data -drive(数据驱动)
DataDrive enables data-driven outcomes for our clients through repeatable, sustainable solutions – delivered with a personal touch by data gurus.
https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/data-drive-positivity-rate-dips-further/2122986/
https://www.godatadrive.com/
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/18687/data-driven
2020/11/2 Conceptual clustering(概念聚类)
Conceptual clustering is obviously closely related to data clustering; however, in conceptual clustering it is not only the inherent structure of the data that drives cluster formation, but also the description language which is available to the learner.
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Conceptual+clustering
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-55038-6_1
https://psychology.wikia.org/wiki/Conceptual_clustering
2020/11/2 Qualified association(限定关联)
A qualified association is the UML equivalent of a programming concept variously known as associative arrays, maps, and dictionaries. Figure 6-13 shows a way of representing the association between the Order and Order Line classes that uses a qualifier.
https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1398623&seqNum=16
http://etutorials.org/Programming/UML/Chapter+6.+Class+Diagrams+Advanced+Concepts/Qualified+Associations/
http://etutorials.org/Programming/UML/Chapter+6.+Class+Diagrams+Advanced+Concepts/Qualified+Associations/
2020/11/2 Strict sequencing(强顺序)
Strict sequencing means entities will be placed in definite slots, while loose sequencing means that we only know the entities’ order based on relationships between the entities themselves.
https://www.site.uottawa.ca/~bochmann/Curriculum/Pub/2014%20-%20Associativity%20between%20weak%20and%20strict%20sequencing.pdf
https://www.kaptest.com/study/lsat/guide-to-lsat-logic-games/
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-11743-0_7
2020/11/2 Time -based event(时序事件)
This event periodically logs its current list of time sources and its chosen time source. In addition, it logs the current tick count. This event does not fire each time a time source changes. Other events listed later in this document provide this functionality.
https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/ERPMan/Time+event+confirmation
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/networking/windows-time-service/windows-time-for-traceability
https://www.facebook.com/TIME-Event-Space-105375667608625/
2020/11/2 Super-state(超状态)
*A superstateis defined as “a large and powerful stateformed when several smaller countries unite”[1]or “A large and powerful state formed from a federationor union of nations”. This is distinct from the concept of superpower, although these are sometimes seen together.
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/superstate
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/superstate*
https://www.newschannelnebraska.com/story/42877971/fall-2020-super-state-and-allstate-honors-announced
2020/11/2 exclusive requirements(排斥性需求)
Exclusive dealing or requirements contracts between manufacturers and retailers are common and are generally lawful. In simple terms, an exclusive dealing contract prevents a distributor from selling the products of a different manufacturer, and a requirements contract prevents a manufacturer from buying inputs from a different supplier.
https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/competition-guidance/guide-antitrust-laws/dealings-supply-chain/exclusive-dealing-or
https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/competition-guidance/guide-antitrust-laws/dealings-supply-chain/exclusive-dealing-or#:~:text=Exclusive%20dealing%20or%20requirements%20contracts%20between%20manufacturers%20and,manufacturer%20from%20buying%20inputs%20from%20a%20different%20supplier.
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/exclusive-listing.asp
2020/11/6 Pgramming system(编程系统)
System programming involves designing and writing computer programs that allow the computer hardware to interface with the programmer and the user, leading to the effective execution of application software on the computer system. Typical system programs include the operating system and firmware, programming tools such as compilers, assemblers, I/O routines, interpreters, scheduler, loaders and linkers as well as the runtime libraries of the computer programming languages.
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/9616/system-programming
https://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Research/Areas/PS/
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/system-program
2020/11/6 Brainstorming(头脑风暴)
Brainstorming combines a relaxed, informal approach to problem solving with lateral thinking. It encourages people to come up with thoughts and ideas that can, at first, seem a bit crazy. Some of these ideas can be crafted into original, creative solutions to a problem, while others can spark even more ideas. This helps to get people unstuck by “jolting” them out of their normal ways of thinking.
https://www.mindtools.com/brainstm.html
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/brainstorming
https://upskillnation.com/brainstorming/
2020/11/6 Exception handler(异常处理)
The technical term generally defines a programming language construct or computer hardware mechanism designed to handle runtime errors or other problems ( exceptions ) which occur during the execution of a computer program and is further described by wikipedia here.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/exception-handling
https://exceptionhandler.com/about/#:~:text=What%20is%20an%20eXception%20handler%20%3F%20The%20technical,software%20development%20paradigm%20that%20was%20first%20widely%20
https://www.javatpoint.com/exception-handling-in-java
2020/11/6 Degree of freedom(可调整因素) Degree of freedom, in mathematics, any of the number of independent quantities necessary to express the values of all the variable properties of a system. A system composed of a point moving without constraints in space, for example, has three degrees of freedom because three coordinates are needed to determine the position of the point.
https://www.britannica.com/science/degree-of-freedom-mathematics-and-statistics
http://sites.utexas.edu/sos/degreesfreedom/
https://businessjargons.com/degrees-of-freedom.html
2020/11/6 Strate information system(战略信息系统) Information systems (IS) is a coordinated collection of information subsystems that are rationally integrated to collect, store, process, retrieve, disseminate and communicate information for the support of operations, management and decision-making functions in business and other organizations.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/information-system
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/iis/index.html
https://wpcarey.asu.edu/information-systems-degrees
2020/11/9 Soft goal dependency(软目标依赖)
A soft-goal dependency is similar to a goal dependency, except that the goal to be achieved is not sharply defined, but requires clarification between depender and dependee. The criteria used to judge whether or not the goal has been achieved is uncertain.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187705091632052X
https://www.cs.umd.edu/~basili/publications/proceedings/P67.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307914208_Modelling_Goal_Dependencies_and_Domain_Model_Together
2020/11/9 work Breakdowm structure(工作分解结构)
Breaking work into smaller tasks is a common productivity technique used to make the work more manageable and approachable. For projects, the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is the tool that utilizes this technique and is one of the most important project management documents. It singlehandedly integrates scope, cost and schedule baselines ensuring that project plans are in alignment.
https://www.workamajig.com/blog/guide-to-work-breakdown-structures-wbs
https://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/
https://www.scoro.com/blog/work-breakdown-structure-in-project-management/
2020/11/9 Generalization(用例泛化)
The generalizations are advanced on the basis of statistical data from the population census of 1897 in combination with other quantitative and qualitative sources.
https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/generalization
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/generalization
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-generalization.html
2020/11/9 Procedural prompts(程序性提示)
A List Of Procedural Writing Prompts For Google Apps : Some students are great at writing but struggle getting started. Give them these prompts to assist in their writing assignment. The rest of the story will come to them readily. All worksheets are created by experienced and qualified teachers.
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Browse/Search:procedural%20writing%20prompts
https://www.worksheetplace.com/index.php?function=DisplayCategory&links=3&id=118
https://www.worksheetplace.com/index.php?function=DisplaySheet&sheet=Procedural-Writing-Prompts&links=3&id=
2020/11/11 Meta-question(元问题)
The Meta Info question is a hidden question that will track and report basic information about your respondents, such as their operating system and browser. This question is often used for troubleshooting or for understanding the technical setup of your respondents.
https://www.qualtrics.com/support/survey-platform/survey-module/editing-questions/question-types-guide/advanced/meta-info-question/
https://www.insightsassociation.org/article/meta-question-should-we-ask-questions
https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=metaquestion
2020/11/11 Later system(更迟系统)
Lateral line system, also called lateralis system, a system of tactile sense organs, unique to aquatic vertebrates from cyclostome fishes (lampreys and hagfish) to amphibians, that serves to detect movements and pressure changes in the surrounding water.
http://dba-oracle.com/t_alter_system_kill_session.htm
https://www.britannica.com/science/lateral-line-system#:~:text=Lateral%20line%20system%2C%20also%20called%20lateralis%20system%2C%20a,movements%20and%20pressure%20changes%20in%20the%20surrounding%20water.
https://later.com/pricing/
2020/11/11 Market-driven software(市场驱动软件)
Market Driven Software Consultants, LLC is a Delaware Limited-Liability Company filed on March 19, 2018. The company’s File Number is listed as 6806032. The Registered Agent on file for this company is United States Corporation Agents, Inc. and is located at 300 Delaware Ave Ste 210-A, Wilmington, DE 19801.
https://apps.apple.com/us/developer/market-driven-software/id660477990
https://www.onedesk.com/market-driven-product-development/
https://www.marketlogicsoftware.com/
2020/11/11 Conversation analysis(话语分析)
Conversation analysis (henceforth CA) involves the study of practical reasoning as it is put to use in the conduct of spoken interaction.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/conversation-analysis
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-conversation-analysis-ca-1689923
https://graduateway.com/a-conversation-analysis/
2020/11/11 Failed preconditions(不满足前置条件)
Precondition Failed One or more conditions given in the request header fields evaluated to false when tested on the server. This response code allows the client to place preconditions on the current resource state (its current representations and metadata) and, thus, prevent the request method from being applied if the target resource is in an unexpected state.
https://docs.liquibase.com/concepts/preconditions.html
https://httpstatuses.com/412
https://help.sap.com/viewer/a73402f511734e6eac56063e631bf24e/1909.001/en-US/0563b6531de6b64ce10000000a174cb4.html
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