题目
Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Note: The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
For example, given array S = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4],
A solution set is:
[
[-1, 0, 1],
[-1, -1, 2]
]
想法
The idea is to sort an input array and then run through all indices of a possible first element of a triplet. For each possible first element we make a standard bi-directional 2Sum sweep of the remaining part of the array. Also we want to skip equal elements to avoid duplicates in the answer without making a set or smth like that.
Code
public List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] num) {
Arrays.sort(num);
List<List<Integer>> res = new LinkedList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < num.length-2; i++) {
//重复数字跳过
if (i == 0 || (i > 0 && num[i] != num[i-1])) {
int lo = i+1, hi = num.length-1, sum = 0 - num[i];
while (lo < hi) {
if (num[lo] + num[hi] == sum) {
res.add(Arrays.asList(num[i], num[lo], num[hi]));
//重复数字跳过
while (lo < hi && num[lo] == num[lo+1]) lo++;
while (lo < hi && num[hi] == num[hi-1]) hi--;
lo++; hi--;
} else if (num[lo] + num[hi] < sum) lo++;
else hi--;
}
}
}
return res;
}
问题
- 结果中不存在重复的triplets
- 仔细看题目要求,分析样例,给定数组中存在重复元素,而且结果中也允许出现重复数字出现,但是不能出现重复组合
- 主要问题就是解决重复问题,排序是一个很好策略,然后再计算结果时就避免出现重复的组合
- 计算两数之和时,使用二分法,提升效率