linux中opendir,readdir,closedir的使用

文章链接:https://codemouse.online/archives/2020-03-29211238

头文件

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>

打开目录

• opendir函数:传入name路径，成功则返回非空DIR指针，否则返回NULL。

  DIR *opendir(const char *name);
  

读取目录

• readdir函数:返回 struct dirent *指针，读完目录下所有文件时，返回NULL

  struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp);
  

• readdir_r函数:返回0则成功.读完目录下所有文件时，*result返回NULL

  int readdir_r(DIR *dirp, struct dirent *entry, struct dirent **result);
  // 如果支持readdir_r,建议使用这个,因为readdir不是线程安全的,readdir_r解决了这个问题.
  

• struct dirent结构体

  struct dirent {
      ino_t          d_ino; /* inode number */
      off_t          d_off; /* not an offset; see NOTES */
      unsigned short d_reclen;  /* length of this record */
      unsigned char  d_type;    /* type of file; not supported
                               by all filesystem types */
      char           d_name[256]; /* filename */
  };
  
  d_type参数:
      DT_BLK      This is a block device.
      DT_CHR      This is a character device.
      DT_DIR      This is a directory.
      DT_FIFO     This is a named pipe (FIFO).
      DT_LNK      This is a symbolic link.
      DT_REG      This is a regular file.
      DT_SOCK     This is a UNIX domain socket.
      DT_UNKNOWN  The file type is unknown.
  

• readdir demo

  DIR *pDir = NULL;
  struct dirent * pEnt = NULL;
  
  pDir = opendir("test");
  pEnt = readdir(pDir);
  

• readdir_r demo

  DIR *pDir = NULL;
  
  struct dirent * pEnt = NULL;
  struct dirent * result = NULL;
  
  pDir = opendir("test");
  readdir_r(pDir, pEnt, &result);
  

关闭目录

• closedir函数:关闭掉打开的目录.

  int closedir(DIR *dir);