2021数学建模美赛A题 题目解读

2021数学建模美赛A题  题目解读

---

原文翻译：基于特征的真菌分解木材的理解_ML_GearYe的博客-CSDN博客

原题文档：Fungi Problem

---

Problem A: Fungi

The carbon cycle describes the process of the exchange of carbon throughout the geochemical cycle of the Earth, and is a vital component for life on the planet. Part of the carbon cycle includes the decomposition of compounds, allowing carbon to be renewed and used in other forms. One key component of this part of the process is the decomposition of plant material and woody fibers.

碳循环描述了整个地球地球化学循环中碳的交换过程，是地球上生命的重要组成部分。碳循环的一部分包括化合物的分解，使碳得以更新并以其他形式使用。这部分过程的一个关键组成部分是植物材料和木质纤维的分解。  

Some of the key agents in decomposing woody fibers are fungi. The authors of a recent research article on wood decomposition by fungi identified fungi traits that determine decomposition rates and also noted links between certain traits[1]. In particular, the slow growing strains of fungi tend to be better able to survive and grow in the presence of environmental changes with respect to moisture and temperature, while the faster growing strains tend to be less robust to the same changes. A synopsis of this article can be found below on page 3.

分解木质纤维的一些关键因素是真菌。最近一篇关于真菌对木材分解的研究文章的作者确定了决定分解率的真菌特征，并指出了某些特征之间的联系[1]。特别是，生长缓慢的真菌菌株在湿度和温度等环境变化的情况下往往能够更好地生存和生长，而生长较快的菌株往往对相同的变化不那么健壮。这篇文章的概要可以在下面的第 3 页找到。

These researchers examined a large number of traits associated with different fungi and their role in the decomposition of ground litter (dead plant material) and woody fibers. For this MCM Problem you should focus on just two traits of a fungus: the growth rate of the fungus and the fungus’ tolerance to moisture. Your primary goal is to model the decomposition of woody fibers in a given patch of land, and do so in the presence of multiple types of fungi breaking down woody fibers in the same area.

这些研究人员检查了与不同真菌相关的大量特征及其在地面凋落物（死植物材料）和木质纤维分解中的作用。对于这个 MCM 问题，您应该只关注真菌的两个特征：真菌的生长速度和真菌对水分的耐受性。您的主要目标是模拟给定土地中木本纤维的分解过程，并在同一地区存在多种分解木本纤维的真菌的情况下进行建模。

As you explore the relationship of the two traits of interest, growth rate and moisture tolerance, with the rate of decomposition, several questions may arise to include: Using these two traits, how do the different fungi interact and decompose ground litter in a fixed patch of land in different environments? Within these different environments, how will the decomposition be impacted over time as conditions vary? How do environmental changes and the variation in environmental change impact the long-term dynamics with respect to decomposition, as well as competition between fungi in a given environment? The estimation for the decomposition rates, given the growth rate, is shown in Figure 1. The estimation of the decomposition rates, given the relative moisture tolerance, is shown in Figure 2.

当您探索感兴趣的两个特征（生长速度和耐湿性）与分解速度之间的关系时，可能会出现几个问题，包括： 使用这两个特征，不同的真菌如何相互作用并分解固定斑块中的地面垃圾不同环境下的土地？在这些不同的环境中，随着时间的推移，分解将如何随着条件的变化而受到影响？环境变化和环境变化的变化如何影响分解的长期动态以及特定环境中真菌之间的竞争？在给定生长速率的情况下，对分解速率的估计如图 1 所示。在给定相对湿度耐受性的情况下，对分解速率的估计如图 2 所示。