Android的Activity、Service、Receiver

一、Activity跳转
1.创建第二个Activity
创建activity2类

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class Activity2 extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_2);
    }
}

创建activity_2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

配置文件(AndroidManifest.xml)中写入

   <activity android:name=".Activity2"/>

跳转按键 在activity_main.xml

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="跳转"
        android:onClick="startActivity2"/>

main文件中创建跳转方法

    public void startActivity2(View view) {
        startActivity(new Intent(this,Activity2.class));
    }

二、Activity的生命周期

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        Log.d(TAG, "onResume: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        Log.d(TAG, "onPause: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.d(TAG, "onStop: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onRestart() {
        super.onRestart();
        Log.d(TAG, "onRestart: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy: ");
    }

三、Service
这个相当于一个后台的服务，创建后，需要销毁服务才会结束
有两种模式1.startService 2.bindService
创建一个MyService
MyService类

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class MyService extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = "MyService";

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: ");
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
        super.onStart(intent, startId);
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart: ");
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onStartCommand: ");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }



    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy: ");
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onBind: ");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onUnbind: ");
        return super.onUnbind(intent);
    }
}

在AndroidManifest.xml下注册

<service android:name=".MyService"/>

MainActivity类

package com.example.myapplication;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity3 extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main3);
    }

    public void startServce(View view) {
        startService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));
    }

    public void stopServce(View view) {
        stopService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));
    }

    public void bindServce(View view) {
        bindService(new Intent(this, MyService.class), connecton, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    public void unBindServce(View view) {
        unbindService(connecton);
    }

    private ServiceConnection connecton = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {

        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(connecton);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity3"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="startService 对应 stopService 区域"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:textColor="@color/design_default_color_secondary"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="startServce"
            android:onClick="startServce"
            />
        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="stopServce"
            android:onClick="stopServce"/>

    </LinearLayout>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="bindService 对应 unBindService 区域"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:textColor="@color/black"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="startServce"
            android:onClick="bindServce"/>

        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="startServce"
            android:onClick="unBindServce"/>

    </LinearLayout>


</LinearLayout>

四、Receiver
广播：分为系统广播和用户自定义广播
蓝牙断开，WiFi断开，电源没电
一、静态注册接受广播
MainActivity ----> 广播接收者

注册文件中

        <receiver
            android:name=".CustomReceiver"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.derry.receiver_flag_" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

创建一个接口类

package com.example.myapplication;

public interface ActionUtils {

    String ACTION_EQUES_UPDATE_IP = "com.derry.receuver_study_";

    String ACTION_FLAG = "com.derry.receiver_flag_";

}

创建MainActivity4

package com.example.myapplication;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity4 extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main4);
    }

    public void sendAction1(View view) {
    }

    public void sendAction2(View view) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction(ActionUtils.ACTION_FLAG);
        sendBroadcast(intent);
    }
}

mainActivity的页面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity4"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="动态注册广播 发送广播 区域"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:textColor="@color/design_default_color_secondary"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送广播"
        android:onClick="sendAction1"/>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="静态注册广播 发送广播 区域"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:textColor="@color/black"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送广播"
        android:onClick="sendAction2"/>


</LinearLayout>

二、动态注册接收广播

package com.example.myapplication;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity4 extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main4);

        UpdataIpSelectCity updataIpSelectCity = new UpdataIpSelectCity();
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction(ActionUtils.ACTION_EQUES_UPDATE_IP);
        registerReceiver(updataIpSelectCity,filter);
    }

    public void sendAction1(View view) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction(ActionUtils.ACTION_EQUES_UPDATE_IP);
        sendBroadcast(intent);
    }

    public void sendAction2(View view) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction(ActionUtils.ACTION_FLAG);
        sendBroadcast(intent);
    }
}

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

//第一步，定义好广播接收者
public class UpdataIpSelectCity extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private static final String TAG = UpdataIpSelectCity.class.getSimpleName();
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.d(TAG, "UpdataIpSelectCity onReceive 广播接受者");
    }
}