CentOS6.5环境下MySQL编译安装

一、环境
操作系统：CentOS6.5 64位
MySQL版本：mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
MySQL下载地址
链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1slwOGPJ 密码：zo7i
二、准备
1、将下载的mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz放到/etc/local目录下

[root@hadoop03 local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@hadoop03 local]# ll mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 311771412 Aug 19 05:10 mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@hadoop03 local]#

2、卸载系统自带的MySQL

[root@hadoop03 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@hadoop03 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

3、解压mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@hadoop03 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

4、重新命令为mysql

[root@hadoop03 local]# mv mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

5、创建用户组和用户
创建dba用户组并指定组ID为101

[root@hadoop03 local]# groupadd -g 101 dba

创建mysqladmin用户

[root@hadoop03 local]# useradd -u 520 -g dba -G root -md /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin         
useradd: warning: the home directory already exists.
Not copying any file from skel directory into it.
[root@hadoop03 local]# id mysqladmin
uid=520(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)

为用户mysqladmin设置密码

[root@hadoop03 local]# passwd mysqladmin
Changing password for user mysqladmin.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematic
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

切换用户显示-bash-4.1$的解决办法

[root@hadoop03 local]# su - mysqladmin
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$

拷贝mysqladmin的环境变量至/etc/local/mysql目录下

[root@hadoop03 ~]# cp -r /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql

再次切换用户即可显示正常

[root@hadoop03 ~]# su - mysqladmin
[mysqladmin@hadoop03 ~]$

将/usr/local/mysql目录下所有文件的所属组和用户设置成mysqladmin

chown -R  mysqladmin:dba  /usr/local/mysql 

在mysqladmin家目录/usr/local/mysql下创建arch文件夹 arch

mkdir arch


6、编辑/etc/my.cnf 使用命令 vim /etc/my.cnf 将以下配置内容拷贝到my.cnf文件中

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size= 32M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
tmp_table_size=32M

table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 8
wait_timeout = 86400
interactive_timeout = 86400
max_connections = 600

# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
#thread_concurrency = 32

#isolation level and default engine 
default-storage-engine = INNODB
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

server-id  = 1
basedir     = /usr/local/mysql
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file     = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid

#open performance schema
log-warnings
sysdate-is-now

binlog_format = MIXED
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error  = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
#other logs
#general_log =1
#general_log_file  = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err
#slow_query_log=1
#slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err

#for replication slave
#log-slave-updates 
#sync_binlog = 1

#for innodb options 
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 200M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1

#innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8
performance_schema
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb-write-io-threads=4
innodb-io-capacity=200
#purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_use_native_aio=on

#case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace
innodb_file_per_table = 1
lower_case_table_names=1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

根据自己电脑内存来配置innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
我的虚拟机内存是2G所以此处我设置成1024M
7、将my.cnf的所属组、用户设置成dba和mysqladmin，并设置640权限

[root@hadoop03 ~]# ll /etc/my.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2218 Aug 19 05:44 /etc/my.cnf
[root@hadoop03 ~]# chown mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf
[root@hadoop03 ~]# chmod 640 /etc/my.cnf
[root@hadoop03 ~]# ll /etc/my.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 mysqladmin dba 2218 Aug 19 05:44 /etc/my.cnf

安装两个包（避免报错）

yum -y install perl
yum -y install libaio

执行以下命令安装（/usr/local/mysql路径下）

scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysqladmin --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 

9、切换到root用户，执行以下命令（设置开机自启动）

#将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql
[root@sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 
#赋予可执行权限
[root@sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
#删除服务
[root@sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 mysql]# chkconfig --del mysql
#添加服务
[root@sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 mysql]# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on

vi /etc/rc.local 添加以下行

#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local
su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated"

10、启动mysql服务

删除mysqladmin用户目录下自带的my.cnf

 rm -rf my.cnf 

启动（记住要回车两次，不是夯住了）

[mysqladmin@hadoop03 ~]$ bin/mysqld_safe &
[1] 3406
[mysqladmin@hadoop03 ~]$ 170819 21:13:09 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err'.
170819 21:13:09 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

查看mysql进程

mysqladmin@hadoop03 ~]$ ps -ef | grep mysqld
520       3406  2646  0 21:13 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe
520       4049  3406  2 21:13 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock --port=3306
520       4073  2646  0 21:13 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysqld

查看mysql端口及状态

[mysqladmin@hadoop03 ~]$ netstat -nlp | grep mysql
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      4049/mysqld
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     28955  4049/mysqld         /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
[mysqladmin@hadoop03 ~]$ service mysql status
MySQL running (4049)                                       [  OK  ]

至此MySQL编译安装完成，并启动成功（空密码进入然后修改密码）

[mysqladmin@hadoop03 ~]$ mysql -uroot -p（需要输入密码时直接回车）

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.23-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

进入之后
㈠选择数据库
mysql> use mysql;
㈡修改密码
mysql> update user set password=password(‘root’) where user=’root’;
㈢删除user等于空的信息
mysql> delete from user where user=”;
㈣查看
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
㈤刷新（一定要记得刷新）
mysql> flush privileges;

11、设置环境变量
mysqladmin编辑.bash_profile 文件更改为以下内容

# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs
MYSQL_BASE=/usr/local/mysql
export MYSQL_BASE
PATH=${MYSQL_BASE}/bin:$PATH
export PATH

unset USERNAME

#stty erase ^H
set umask to 022
umask 022
PS1=`uname -n`":"'$USER'":"'$PWD'":>"; export PS1

做了以上操作大家可以重新从root用户切换到mysqladmin用户会有意想不到的效果。
注：CentOS 6.X 版本都支持以上编译安装步骤