学习《第一行代码》（八）

尝试完成一个简单的聊天界面

解决气泡对话框

《第一行代码》中推荐使用Nine-Patch图片，但书中的打开方法我经过尝试，找不到draw9patch.bat文件，经过查阅发现，如今只需在需要调整的图片资源右键选即可：

创建完打开*.9.png文件即可（*表示图片之前的名字）
四周有灰白相间的格子，在需要拉伸的部分选中涂黑即可（按住Shift拖动可擦除）

主界面（用RecyclerView）

因为要用到RecyclerView，所以要添加依赖：

implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:28.0.0'

①编写msg_item.xml，用来提供对话框，后面将与活动对应的layout连接使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:padding="10dp" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/left_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:background="@drawable/message_left" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/left_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:textColor="#fff" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/right_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="right"
        android:background="@drawable/message_right">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/right_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:textColor="#fff"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

②编写活动对应的layout文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#d8e0e8">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/msg_recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/input_text"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:hint="说点什么吧"
            android:maxLines="2"
            android:background="#ffffff"/>
            
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/send"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="发生"
            android:textAllCaps="false"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

③编写Msg类

public class Msg {

    public static final int TYPE_RECEIVED = 0;
    public static final int TYPE_SENT = 1;
    private  String content;
    private int type;

    public Msg(String content, int type) {
        this.content = content;
        this.type = type;
    }
    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }
    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }
}

④编写MsgAdapter适配器

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

public class MsgAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MsgAdapter.ViewHolder> {
    private List<Msg> mMsgList;
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        LinearLayout leftLayout;
        LinearLayout rightLayout;
        TextView leftMsg;
        TextView rightMsg;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
            leftLayout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);
            rightLayout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);
            leftMsg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);
            rightMsg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);
        }
    }

    public MsgAdapter(List<Msg> msgList) {
        mMsgList = msgList;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate
                (R.layout.msg_item, parent, false);
        return new ViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Msg msg = mMsgList.get(position);
        if(msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED) {
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            holder.leftMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        } 
        else if(msg.getType() == Msg.TYPE_SENT) {
            holder.rightLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            holder.leftLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            holder.rightMsg.setText(msg.getContent());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mMsgList.size();
    }
}

⑤编写活动
备注：要记住RecycleView的使用步骤
（引入依赖 --> 引入布局管理器 --> 设置布局管理器 --> 引入适配器 --> 设置适配器）

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private List<Msg> msgList = new ArrayList<>();
    private EditText inputText;
    private Button send;
    private RecyclerView msgRecyclerView;
    private MsgAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initMsgs();
        
        inputText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input_text);
        send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
        msgRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.msg_recycler_view);
        
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        msgRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        adapter = new MsgAdapter(msgList);
        msgRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        
        send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String content = inputText.getText().toString();
                if(!"".equals(content)) {
                    Msg msg = new Msg(content, Msg.TYPE_SENT);
                    msgList.add(msg);
                    adapter.notifyItemInserted(msgList.size() - 1); 
                    //有新消息则刷新RecyclerView
                    msgRecyclerView.scrollToPosition(msgList.size() - 1); 
                    //RecyclerView定位到最后一行
                    inputText.setText("");
                    //清空输入框中的内容
                }
                else
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"无法发送空白信息",
	                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }

    private void initMsgs() {
        Msg msg1 = new Msg("你好，朋友", Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg1);
        Msg msg2 = new Msg("你谁啊？", Msg.TYPE_SENT);
        msgList.add(msg2);
        Msg msg3 = new Msg("我是乔治啊，你走开", Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg3);
    }
}

⑥效果：