Appendix

Immutability:

String are immutable.

Wrappers are immutable.

Integer iWrap = new Integer(42);

There is no setter method for a wrapper object.

You can't change the value of String/Wrapper unless you refer it to another object.

Assertions:

To run with assertions:

java -ea applicaiton

Static nested classes are just like a static member.

Access level:

class is either public or default.

default: keep everything in the package.

protected: default and allows subclasses to inherit the protected thing outside the package.

Enumerations

public enum Members {JERRY, BOBBY, PHIL};
public Members member;
// == and equals() are the same.

Constant-specific class body:

public class EnumTest {
	enum Names {
		JERRY("lead guitar") {
			@Override
			public String sings() {
				return "heihei";
			}
		},
		BOBO("bass");
		
		private String instrument;
		
		Names(String instrument) {
			this.instrument = instrument;
		}
		
		public String getInstrument() {
			return instrument;
		}
		
		public String sings() {
			return "hahaha";
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		for (Names n : Names.values()) {
			System.out.println(n + " " + n.getInstrument() + " " + n.sings());
		}
	}
}

Elements are static and must be declared at the beginning.

Enumeration can have constructors and methods since it is a class.