###########################
###### 一、通过脚本安装 ######
###########################
安装前提：
1.安装有http，防火墙关闭
2.需要system-config-kickstart 软件进行设置安装的一些条件，最后生成ks.cfg文件，将它复制在/var/www/html/ 目录下，同时修改该文件：
在末尾加上：
%packages
@base
%end
3.所需脚本：
#!/bin/bash
virt-install \
--name $1 \
--ram 1024 \
--file /var/lib/libvirt/images/$1.qcow2 \
--file-size 8 \
--location http://172.25.254.67/rhel \
--extra-args "ks=http://172.25.254.67/ks.cfg" &
安装操作：
哪台主机需要安装虚拟机，就执行脚本
##########################
######二、通过网卡安装 ######
##########################
################# 所需软件 ##############
system-config-kickstart ##自动应答脚本制作工具
syslinux ##获得pxelinux.0文件安装包
dhcp ##分配ip给客户机的服务
tftp-server 和 xinetd ##提供tftp协议的服务
http ##安装源共享服务
################# 操作 #################
1 systemctl stop firewalld ##关闭虚拟机
2 systemctl disble firewalld
3 vim /etc/systemconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ##配置网卡
4 systemctl restart network ##使本机能和yum源连接
5 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo ##修改yum源,让本机能安装所需要的软件
6 yum clean all ##清除缓存
7 yum install dhcp ##安装dhcp
8 yum install system-config-kickstart ##安装
9 yum whatprovides *./pxelinux.0 ##查找有这个文件的软件
10 yum install syslinux ##找到，安装
11 yum install xinetd ##安装
12 yum install tftp-server ##安装
13 yum install http ##安装
14 systemctl start httpd ##开启http
15 system-config-kickstart ##运行软件，保存在/var/www/html/
16 vim /var/www/html/ks.cfg ##修改配置文件
17 ##在最后加上：
%packages
@base
%end
#####
18 cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf ##复制
19 vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf ##修改dhcp服务的配置文件
##配置文件如下：
option domain-name "example.com"; ##域名
option domain-name-servers xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx; ##dns
default-lease-time 600; ##默认租约期
max-lease-time 7200; ##最长租约期
....
log-facility local7; ##日志级别
....
subnet xxx.xxx.xxx.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { ##网段，子网掩码
range xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx; ##地址范围
option routers xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx; ##网关
filename "pxelinux.0"; ##pxe启动程序
next-server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx; ##tftp主机地址
}
##结束（该文件除了这些就只有说明，其他删除）
20 systemctl restart dhcpd ##重启dhcp服务
21 vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp ##修改tftp服务的配置文件
##配置文件如下：
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable = <<<<<<<<<yes--->no>>>>>> ##yes改为no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
##结束
22 chkconfig --list ##列出系统所有的服务启动情况
##显示：
....
xinetd based services:
....
tftp: on
....
##结束
23 systemctl resatrt xinetd ##重启
24 cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
25 scp root@175.25.254.15:/var/www/html/rhel7.2/isolinux/* /var/lib/tftpboot/ ##从安有yum源主机中复制文件到指定位置
26 cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/ ##复制文件，该文件是在安装了syslinux软件后出现的
27 mkdir pxelinux.cfg ##新建目录
28 cp /var/lib/tftpboot/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default ##复制文件
29 vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default ##修改文件（修改内容见下）
30 systemctl stop firewalld ##关闭防火墙
31 setenforce 0 ##关闭加强防火墙
vim /var/lib/tftplinux.cfg/default
config the file of /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default like this:
========================================================================================
default vesamenu.c32
timeout 60 ##等待时间改为6s，60就是6秒
display boot.msg
# Clear the screen when exiting the menu, instead of leaving the menu displayed.
# For vesamenu, this means the graphical background is still displayed without
# the menu itself for as long as the screen remains in graphics mode.
menu clear
menu background splash.png
menu title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 ##大标题
menu vshift 8
menu rows 18
menu margin 8
#menu hidden
menu helpmsgrow 15
menu tabmsgrow 13
# Border Area
menu color border * #00000000 #00000000 none
# Selected item
menu color sel 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Title bar
menu color title 0 #ff7ba3d0 #00000000 none
# Press [Tab] message
menu color tabmsg 0 #ff3a6496 #00000000 none
# Unselected menu item
menu color unsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Selected hotkey
menu color hotsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Unselected hotkey
menu color hotkey 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Help text
menu color help 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# A scrollbar of some type? Not sure.
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #ff355594 none
# Timeout msg
menu color timeout 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
menu color timeout_msg 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Command prompt text
menu color cmdmark 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
menu color cmdline 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Do not display the actual menu unless the user presses a key. All that is displayed is a timeout message.
menu tabmsg Press Tab for full configuration options on menu items.
menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line
label linux
menu label ^Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 ##小标题
menu default ##默认标题设定，直接安装
kernel vmlinuz ##检测能否安装
append initrd=initrd.img repo=http://172.25.254.100/soucre ks=http://172.25.254.100/ks.cfg ##安装源和ks，如果yum源和ks.cfg安装脚本在不同的主机就是不同的ip
label check
menu label Test this ^media & install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2
#menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-7.2\x20Server.x86_64 rd.live.check quiet
menu separator # insert an empty line
# utilities submenu
menu begin ^Troubleshooting
menu title Troubleshooting
label vesa
menu indent count 5
menu label Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 in ^basic graphics mode
text help
Try this option out if you re having trouble installing
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2.
endtext
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-7.0\x20Server.x86_64 xdriver=vesa nomodeset quiet
label rescue
menu indent count 5
menu label ^Rescue a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system
text help
If the system will not boot, this lets you access files
and edit config files to try to get it booting again.
endtext
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-7.0\x20Server.x86_64 rescue quiet
label memtest
menu label Run a ^memory test
text help
If your system is having issues, a problem with your
system s memory may be the cause. Use this utility to
see if the memory is working correctly.
endtext
kernel memtest
menu separator # insert an empty line
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line
label returntomain
menu label Return to ^main menu
menu exit
menu end
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