LNMP架构部署

一、LNMP架构简介

LNMP平台就是Linux、Ngnix、MySQL、PHP的组合架构，需要Linux服务器、MySQL数据库、PHP解析环境
Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。Mysql是一个小型关系型数据库管理系统。PHP是一种在服务器端执行的嵌入HTML文档的脚本语言。

二、Nginx编译安装

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel zlib-devel

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.12.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module ###统计状态模块

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx  ###创建一个不可登录的程序用户

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin ###优化执行路径
[root@localhost ~]# nginx ###启动服务
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt | grep nginx ###查看nginx服务是否开启
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16429/nginx: master

[root@localhost ~]# killall -s QUIT nginx ###选项-s QUIT等于-3 停止服务
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt | grep nginx

[root@localhost ~]# killall -s HUP nginx ###选项-s HUP等于-1 重新加载
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16488/nginx: master

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx ###制作管理脚本
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 35 20 80
#description: nginx server
PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"

case "$1" in
    start)
       $PROG
       ;;
    stop)
       killall -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
       ;;
    restart)
       $0 stop
       $0 start
       ;;
    reload)
       killall -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
       ;;
    *)
       echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|status}"
       exit 1
esac
exit 0

[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add nginx

三、编译安装Mysql数据库

安装环境

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake

创建不可登录的用户

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

上传安装包到/opt目录下解压缩并进行cmake配置

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

编译安装

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install

数据库目录进行权限调整

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

建立调整配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

调整配置文件权限

[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

设置环境变量

[root@localhost ~]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >>/etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile

初始化数据库

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

编辑启动文件

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

启动mysql数据库并查看状态

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt | grep mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      67263/mysqld

设置root登陆并设置密码

[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password 

四、编译安装PHP环境解析

安装环境依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install \
libjpeg \
libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 \
libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

上传文件至opt目录下并解压缩

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar jxf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2

configure配置

[root@localhost opt]# cd php-7.1.10/
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/lcoal/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip

编译安装

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make && make install

php有三个配置文件，php.ini 核心配置文件，php-fpm.conf 进程服务配置文件，www.conf扩展配置文件

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/lcoal/mysql/mysql.sock

配置及优化fpm模块

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vi php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid ###去掉；号

[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost etc]# netstat -ntap | grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN       118685/php-fpm: mas

[root@localhost etc]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin
[root@localhost etc]# ps aux | grep -c "php-fpm" ###查看php-fpm进程数
4

配置Nginx支持PHP功能

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 location ~ \.php$ {
            root           /var/www/aa;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
        }

[root@localhost ~]# vi /var/www/aa/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nginx

测试数据库工作是否正常

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ###输入之前设置的密码

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all on bbs.* to 'bbsuser'@'%' identified by 'admin123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> grant all on bbs.* to 'bbsuser'@'localhost' identified by 'admin123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php ###更改测试页内容
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.73.40','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nginx

在客户端输入 http://192.168.73.40/index.php测试

五、部署Discuz！社区论坛Web应用

安装

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip ###将安装包放在/opt目录下并解压缩
[root@localhost opt]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload /var/www/aa/bbs
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /var/www/aa/bbs/
###给安装论坛的文件权限
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./config
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./data
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./config
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./data
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server
[root@localhost bbs]# systemctl restart nginx