48. Rotate Image
You are given an
n
x
n
2D matrix representing an image.
Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).
Note:
You have to rotate the image
in-place
, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly.
DO NOT
allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.
Example 1:
Given
input matrix
=
[
[1,2,3],
[4,5,6],
[7,8,9]
],
rotate the input matrix
in-place
such that it becomes:
[
[7,4,1],
[8,5,2],
[9,6,3]
]
Example 2:
Given
input matrix
=
[
[ 5, 1, 9,11],
[ 2, 4, 8,10],
[13, 3, 6, 7],
[15,14,12,16]
],
rotate the input matrix
in-place
such that it becomes:
[
[15,13, 2, 5],
[14, 3, 4, 1],
[12, 6, 8, 9],
[16, 7,10,11]
]
思路分析:
顺时针旋转:
1.以矩阵对角线为轴,交换
matrix[i][j] = matrix[j][i];
2.
Then flip the matrix horizontally. (swap(matrix[i][j], matrix[i][matrix.length-1-j])
[ 5, 1, 9, 11], 【5 2 13 15】 【15 13 2 5】
[ 2, 4, 8, 10], 【1 4 3 14】 【14 3 4 1】
[13, 3, 6, 7], 【9 8 6 12】 【12 6 8 9】
[15, 14, 12, 16] 【11 10 7 16】 【16 7 10 11】
逆时针旋转:
1.
flip the matrix horizontally. (swap(matrix[i][j], matrix[i][matrix.length-1-j])
2.
以矩阵对角线为轴,交换
matrix[i][j] = matrix[j][i];
[ 5, 1, 9, 11], 11 9 1 5 11 10 7 16
[ 2, 4, 8, 10], 10 8 4 2 9 8 6 12
[13, 3, 6, 7], 7 6 3 13 1 4 3 14
[15, 14, 12,16] 16 12 14 15 5 2 13 15
代码实现如下;
class Solution {
public void rotate(int[][] matrix) {
/* clockwise rotate
* first reverse symmetry
* 1 2 3 1 4 7
* 4 5 6 2 5 8
* 7 8 9 3 6 9
*/
for(int i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++){
for(int j = i + 1; j < matrix[0].length; j++){
int temp = matrix[i][j];
matrix[i][j] = matrix[j][i];
matrix[j][i] = temp;
}
}
/* then reverse every row
* 1 4 7 7 4 1
* 2 5 8 8 5 2
* 3 6 9 9 6 3
*/
for(int i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < matrix[i].length / 2; j++){
int temp = matrix[i][j];
matrix[i][j] = matrix[i][matrix[i].length - 1 - j];
matrix[i][matrix[i].length - 1 - j] = temp;
}
}
}
}