MPI_Bcast与MPI_Comm_split配合，实现行广播或列广播

15个进程，3行5列，结合MPI_Comm_split函数，MPI_Bcast实现行广播和列广播。
Bcast广播时，如果通讯域是split之后的，则会按照color相同的进行广播，即color相同的为一组，每个组内编号为root的向组内其他进程广播。
下面的代码首先是按照列划分组并广播，然后是按照行划分组并广播。

#include "mpi.h"
#include "stdio.h"
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	int dataCol = 0, dataRow = 11;

	MPI_Comm colComm, rowComm;
	int worldRank, worldSize;
	MPI_Status status;
	MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
	MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &worldRank);
	MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &worldSize);
	
	if (worldRank / 5 == 0) {
		dataCol = worldRank;
	}
	
	int colorCol = worldRank % 5;
	int keyRow = worldRank / 5;
	MPI_Comm_split(MPI_COMM_WORLD, colorCol, keyRow, &colComm);

	MPI_Bcast(&dataCol, 1, MPI_INT, 0, colComm);

	printf("worldRank = %d, data = %d ", worldRank, dataCol);
	fflush(stdout);
	MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
	if (worldRank == 0) {
		printf("\n");
	}
	

	if (worldRank % 5 == 0) {
		dataRow = worldRank;
	}
	int colorRow = worldRank / 5;
	int keyCol = worldRank % 5;
	MPI_Comm_split(MPI_COMM_WORLD, colorRow, keyCol, &rowComm);

	MPI_Bcast(&dataRow, 1, MPI_INT, 0, rowComm);

	printf("worldRank = %d, data = %d ", worldRank, dataRow);
	fflush(stdout);
	MPI_Finalize();

	return 0;
}

运行结果如下：