Leetcode 286. Walls and Gates

方法1: dfs/backtracking。做dfs应用题的时候还是比较模糊，不知道base case是什么，什么时候backtrack，还需加强锻炼啊！时间复杂(mn)^2，空间复杂mn。

class Solution {
    public void wallsAndGates(int[][] rooms) {
        int m = rooms.length;
        int n = rooms[0].length;
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
                if(rooms[i][j] == 0){
                    dfs(rooms, i, j, 0);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    public void dfs(int[][] rooms, int i, int j, int k){
        if(i < 0 || j < 0 || i >= rooms.length || j >= rooms[0].length) return; 
        if(rooms[i][j] == -1) return; //can remove
        if(k <= rooms[i][j]){
            rooms[i][j] = k;
            dfs(rooms, i-1, j, k+1);
            dfs(rooms, i+1, j, k+1);
            dfs(rooms, i, j-1, k+1);
            dfs(rooms, i, j+1, k+1);
        }
    }
        
}

方法2： bfs。这个方法直接看lc官方解答2，讲的不算很清楚，但是自己画个图，走一遍程序就懂了。时间复杂mn，空间复杂mn。

private static final int EMPTY = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
private static final int GATE = 0;
private static final List<int[]> DIRECTIONS = Arrays.asList(
        new int[] { 1,  0},
        new int[] {-1,  0},
        new int[] { 0,  1},
        new int[] { 0, -1}
);

public void wallsAndGates(int[][] rooms) {
    int m = rooms.length;
    if (m == 0) return;
    int n = rooms[0].length;
    Queue<int[]> q = new LinkedList<>();
    for (int row = 0; row < m; row++) {
        for (int col = 0; col < n; col++) {
            if (rooms[row][col] == GATE) {
                q.add(new int[] { row, col });
            }
        }
    }
    while (!q.isEmpty()) {
        int[] point = q.poll();
        int row = point[0];
        int col = point[1];
        for (int[] direction : DIRECTIONS) {
            int r = row + direction[0];
            int c = col + direction[1];
            if (r < 0 || c < 0 || r >= m || c >= n || rooms[r][c] != EMPTY) {
                continue;
            }
            rooms[r][c] = rooms[row][col] + 1;
            q.add(new int[] { r, c });
        }
    }
}

总结：

• 这道题可以和200题和在一起看。基本相同。
• 方法1的时间复杂度分析如下：