熟悉Java关键字transient,必须认真地理解下列几点:
1. transient关键字只修饰对象的成员变量,不能修饰本地变量或者方法。
2. transient修饰的变量不能被序列化。(注意,static修饰的静态变量,不管是否有transient修饰都不能序列化)
3. 类中的成员变量被transient修饰不能作为实例对象序列化数据的一部分,不能够被其访问。
下面的例子很好的说明了这一点:
package org.IO;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* Author: JohnLiu
*/
public class SerializableOperation implements java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -5836283489677344417L;
public transient int intValue = 10;
public transient Date now = new Date();
public transient static int staticIntValue = 2;
public static void main(String []args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
SerializableOperation operation = new SerializableOperation();
operation.intValue = 11;
SerializableOperation.staticIntValue = 1;
ObjectOutputStream output = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(
new File("0xcc00"))) ;
output.writeObject(operation);
output.close();
ObjectInputStream input = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File("0xcc00")));
SerializableOperation operationStream = (SerializableOperation)input.readObject();
input.close();
System.out.println("read from serializable oject.\n intValue:" + operationStream.intValue);
System.out.println(" now date:" + operationStream.now);
/**
* 结果:
* read from serializable oject.
*intValue:0
*now date:null
*/
}
}
另一个例子中,你也许会感到奇怪:
package org.IO;
import java.io.*;
/**
* Author: JohnLiu
*/
public class ExternalizableOperation implements Externalizable {
private transient String content = "Externalizable序列化我的,并且是指定序列化的,不管我是是否被transient关键字修饰";
@Override
public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeObject(content);
}
@Override
public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException,
ClassNotFoundException {
content = (String) in.readObject();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ExternalizableOperation et = new ExternalizableOperation();
ObjectOutput output = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(
new File("eternalizableFile")));
output.writeObject(et);
output.close();
ObjectInput input = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(
"eternalizableFile")));
ExternalizableOperation externalizableOperation = (ExternalizableOperation) input.readObject();
System.out.println(externalizableOperation.content);
input.close();
/**
* 结果:
* Externalizable序列化我的,并且是指定序列化的,不管我是是否被transient关键字修饰
*/
}
}
你不是说,transient修饰的变量不能被序列化吗?好吧,可以这样解释:
对象的序列化可以通过实现两种接口来实现,一个是Serializable对象,则所有的序列化将会自动进行;另一个是Externalizable对象,则没有任何东西可以自动序列化,需要实现在writeExternal和readExternal方法来进行手工指定所要序列化的变量,而这个操作与transient修饰无关。