SpringMVC框架学习（1）——HelloWorld

1.创建一个名为spring26-001-hello的Maven项目，结构如下

2.引入所需jar包的依赖坐标pom.xml,代码如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.yc</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring26-001-hello</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>spring26-001-hello Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- springmvc的依赖坐标 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>spring26-001-hello</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

3.创建SpringMVC的配置文件spring-mvc.xml和web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!-- 扫描指定包中，要对象交给springmvc容器管理的类 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yc.springmvc"/>

    <!-- 配置springmvc视图处理器的bean -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"/>
</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

  <!-- 请求方式转换：把post请求处理转换为put或delete请求方式 -->
  <filter>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 配置请求由springmvc框架处理 -->
  <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern><!-- 不拦截处理xxx.jsp -->
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

4.创建处理类HelloHandler.java,代码如下

package com.yc.springmvc.web.handler;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/springmvc")  //请求处理的前缀，可以做过滤处理 /user/*
public class HelloHandler {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")  //具体的请求资源处理
    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("请求HelloHandler.hello()处理进来了...");
        //return "redirect:success.jsp";
        return "forward:/success.jsp";
    }

    /**
     * RequestMapper的参数
     * params
     * headers
     * method
     * consumes
     * produces
     * 用来做限制请求条件，主要有"="和"!="
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/hello02",params={"name!=yc"})  //具体的请求资源处理
    public String hello02(){
        System.out.println("请求HelloHandler.hello02()处理进来了...");
        //return "redirect:success.jsp";
        return "forward:/success.jsp";
    }
    /**
     * method 可以用来做rest风格处理
     * get ==>取到资源
     * post ==>插入资源
     * put ==>更新资源
     * delete ==>删除资源
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/hello03",method=RequestMethod.GET)  //具体的请求资源处理
    public String hello03(){
        System.out.println("请求HelloHandler.hello03()处理进来了...");
        //return "redirect:success.jsp";
        return "forward:/success.jsp";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/hello04",method=RequestMethod.POST)  //具体的请求资源处理
    public String hello04(){
        System.out.println("请求HelloHandler.hello04()处理进来了...");
        //return "redirect:success.jsp";
        return "forward:/success.jsp";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/hello05",method=RequestMethod.PUT)  //具体的请求资源处理
    public String hello05(){
        System.out.println("请求HelloHandler.hello05()处理进来了...");
        //return "redirect:success.jsp";
        return "forward:/success.jsp";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/hello06",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)  //具体的请求资源处理
    public String hello06(){
        System.out.println("请求HelloHandler.hello06()处理进来了...");
        //return "redirect:success.jsp";
        return "forward:/success.jsp";
    }
}

5.前台界面如下

<html>
<body>
    <h2>Hello World!</h2>

    <form action="springmvc/hello04" method="post">
        <button>post请求</button>
    </form>

    <form action="springmvc/hello05" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" value="PUT" name="_method">
        <button>put请求</button>
    </form>

    <form action="springmvc/hello06" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" value="DELETE" name="_method">
        <button>delete请求</button>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

跳转界面如下

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title</title>
</head>
        <h1>你好，我是springmvc框架，欢迎你使用我，我是不是很帅！！！</h1>
<body>
</body>
</html>

6.运行结果

点击按钮之前出现