POJ3074----Sudoku

Sudoku

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 8575		Accepted: 3074

Description

In the game of Sudoku, you are given a large 9 × 9 grid divided into smaller 3 × 3 subgrids. For example,

.	2	7	3	8	.	.	1	.
.	1	.	.	.	6	7	3	5
.	.	.	.	.	.	.	2	9
3	.	5	6	9	2	.	8	.
.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
.	6	.	1	7	4	5	.	3
6	4	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
9	5	1	8	.	.	.	7	.
.	8	.	.	6	5	3	4	.

Given some of the numbers in the grid, your goal is to determine the remaining numbers such that the numbers 1 through 9 appear exactly once in (1) each of nine 3 × 3 subgrids, (2) each of the nine rows, and (3) each of the nine columns.

Input

The input test file will contain multiple cases. Each test case consists of a single line containing 81 characters, which represent the 81 squares of the Sudoku grid, given one row at a time. Each character is either a digit (from 1 to 9) or a period (used to indicate an unfilled square). You may assume that each puzzle in the input will have exactly one solution. The end-of-file is denoted by a single line containing the word “end”.

Output

For each test case, print a line representing the completed Sudoku puzzle.

Sample Input

.2738..1..1...6735.......293.5692.8...........6.1745.364.......9518...7..8..6534.
......52..8.4......3...9...5.1...6..2..7........3.....6...1..........7.4.......3.
end

Sample Output

527389416819426735436751829375692184194538267268174593643217958951843672782965341
416837529982465371735129468571298643293746185864351297647913852359682714128574936

Source

Stanford Local 2006

把数独问题转成精确覆盖,课设要做这个就来学了下dlx

/*************************************************************************
    > File Name: sudoku.cpp
    > Author: ALex
    > Mail: 405045132@qq.com 
    > Created Time: 2015年01月06日 星期二 14时46分52秒
 ************************************************************************/

#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const int n = 350;
const int m = 800;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int N = 1000 * 1000;
bool mat[1000][1000];
char su[100];
int cnt[m];
int most;
bool ans[N];
int head;

struct Node
{
	int up, down, left, right;
	int col, row;
}node[N];

void init (int m)
{
	memset (ans, 0, sizeof(ans));
	for (int i = 0; i <= m; ++i)
	{
		node[i].left = i - 1;
		node[i].right = i + 1;
		node[i].col = i;
		node[i].up = i;
		node[i].down = i;
		cnt[i] = 0;
	}
	node[0].left = m;
	node[m].right = 0;
}

void remove(int c)
{
	node[node[c].left].right = node[c].right;
	node[node[c].right].left = node[c].left;
	for (int i = node[c].down; i != c; i = node[i].down)
	{
		for (int j = node[i].right; j != i; j = node[j].right)
		{
			--cnt[node[j].col];
			node[node[j].up].down = node[j].down;
			node[node[j].down].up = node[j].up;
		}
	}
}

void resume(int c)
{
	node[node[c].left].right = c;
	node[node[c].right].left = c;
	for (int i = node[c].up; i != c; i = node[i].up)
	{
		for (int j = node[i].left; j != i; j = node[j].left)
		{
			++cnt[node[j].col];
			node[node[j].down].up = j;
			node[node[j].up].down = j;
		}
	}
}

bool Dacing_Link_X()
{
	if (node[324].right == 324)
	{
		return true;
	}
	int mins = inf;
	int c;
	for (int i = node[324].right; i != 324; i = node[i].right)
	{
		if (cnt[i] < mins)
		{
			mins = cnt[i];
			c = i;
		}
	}
	remove(c);
	for (int i = node[c].down; i != c; i = node[i].down)
	{
		for (int j = node[i].right; j != i; j = node[j].right)
		{
			remove(node[j].col);
		}
		ans[node[i].row] = 1;
		if (Dacing_Link_X())
		{
			return true;
		}
		for (int j = node[i].left; j != i; j = node[j].left)
		{
			resume(node[j].col);
		}
		ans[node[i].row] = 0;
	}
	resume(c);
	return false;
}

int in_grid(int i, int j)
{
	++i;
	++j;
	if (1 <= i && i <= 3 && 1 <= j && j <= 3)
	{
		return 1;
	}
	if (1 <= i && i <= 3 && 4 <= j && j <= 6)
	{
		return 2;
	}
	if (1 <= i && i <= 3 && 7 <= j && j <= 9)
	{
		return 3;
	}
	if (4 <= i && i <= 6 && 1 <= j && j <= 3)
	{
		return 4;
	}
	if (4 <= i && i <= 6 && 4 <=j && j <= 6)
	{
		return 5;
	}
	if (4 <= i && i <= 6 && 7 <= j && j <= 9)
	{
		return 6;
	}
	if (7 <= i && i <= 9 && 1 <= j && j <= 3)
	{
		return 7;
	}
	if (7 <= i && i <= 9 && 4 <= j && j <= 6)
	{
		return 8;
	}
	if (7 <= i && i <= 9 && 7 <= j && j <= 9)
	{
		return 9;
	}
}

void add(int i, int j, int k)
{
	int x = (i * 9 + j) * 9 + k;
	mat[x][i * 9 + j] = 1;
	mat[x][81 + i * 9 + k] = 1;
	mat[x][162 + j * 9 + k] = 1;
	int g = in_grid(i, j);
	mat[x][243 + (g - 1) * 9 + k] = 1;
}

int main()
{
//	printf("please enter your sudoku\n");
//
	while (~scanf("%s", su))
	{
		if (!strcmp(su, "end"))
		{
			break;
		}
		most = 1000;
		memset (mat, 0, sizeof(mat));
		init(324);
		int cur = 325;
		for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < 9; ++j)
			{
				if (su[i * 9 + j] == '.')
				{
					for (int k = 0; k < 9; ++k)
					{
						add(i, j, k);
					}
				}
				else
				{
					int k = su[i * 9 + j] - '1';
					add(i, j, k);
				}
			}
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < 729; ++i)
		{
			int s = cur;
			int pre = cur;
			for (int j = 0; j < 324; ++j)
			{
				if (!mat[i][j])
				{
					continue;
				}
				int pos = j;
				node[cur].up = node[pos].up;
				node[node[pos].up].down = cur;
				node[cur].down = pos;
				node[pos].up = cur;
				node[cur].row = i;
				node[cur].col = pos;
				node[cur].left = pre;
				node[pre].right = cur;
				node[cur].right = s;
				cnt[pos]++;
				node[s].left = cur;
				pre = cur;
				cur++;
			}
		}
		Dacing_Link_X();
		for (int i = 0; i < 81; ++i)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < 9; ++j)
			{
				if (ans[i * 9 + j])
				{
					printf("%d", j + 1);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	return 0;
}