迭代器模式

目录

迭代器模式（Iterator Pattern）

定义

提供一种方法顺序访问一个聚合对象中的各个元素，而不暴露其内部的表示。

意义

• 这个模式提供一个方法可以遍历聚合对象中的元素，而又不用知道内部的具体实现方式
• 把游走的任务放在迭代器上而不是聚合上，简化了聚合的接口和实现

类图

实现例子

对象

package iterator;
/**
 * 对象类
 */
public class People {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public People(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

聚合类

package iterator;
/**
 * 聚合类的接口
 * 实现createIterator()方法返回一个迭代器
 */
public interface Aggregate {
    Iterator createIterator();
}

package iterator;
/**
 * 用数组实现聚合
 */
public class ArrayAggregate implements Aggregate {
    static final int MAX_SiZE = 6;
    int index = 0;
    People[] peoples;

    public ArrayAggregate() {
        peoples = new People[MAX_SiZE];

        addPeople("jack", 20);
        addPeople("hp", 20);
        addPeople("rose", 21);
    }

    public void addPeople(String name, int age) {
        People people = new People(name, age);
        if(index >= MAX_SiZE){
            System.out.println("该集合不能再加人了！");
        } else{
            peoples[index] = people;
            index = index + 1;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Iterator createIterator() {
        return new ArrayIterator(peoples);
    }

}

package iterator;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * 用ArrayList实现聚合
 */
public class ListAggregate implements Aggregate {
    ArrayList peoples;

    public ListAggregate() {
        peoples = new ArrayList();

        addPeople("jack", 20);
        addPeople("hp", 20);
        addPeople("rose", 21);
    }

    public void addPeople(String name, int age) {
        People people = new People(name, age);
        peoples.add(people);
    }

    @Override
    public Iterator createIterator() {
        return new ListIterator(peoples);
    }

}

迭代器部分

package iterator;
/**
 * 迭代器接口
 */
public interface Iterator {
    boolean hasNext();
    Object next();
    void remove();
}

package iterator;
/**
 * 数组的迭代器，数组不支持迭代器，这里只能自定义一个
 */
public class ArrayIterator implements Iterator {
    People[] peoples;
    int position = 0;

    public ArrayIterator(People[] peoples) {
        this.peoples = peoples;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasNext() {
        if(position >= peoples.length || peoples[position] == null){
            return false;
        } else{
            return true;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Object next() {
        People p = peoples[position];
        position = position + 1;
        return p;
    }

    @Override
    public void remove() {
        if(position <= 0){
            System.out.println("不能移除，下标超过下界");
        }
        if(peoples[position-1] != null){
            for(int i = position - 1; i < peoples.length - 1; i++){
                peoples[i] = peoples[i+1];
            }
            peoples[peoples.length - 1] = null;
        }
    }

}

package iterator;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * ArrayList的迭代器
 * ArrayList内部其实已经有了迭代器（java.util.Iterator），这里我们仍然自己实现一个
 */
public class ListIterator implements Iterator {
    ArrayList peoples;
    int position = 0;

    public ListIterator(ArrayList peoples) {
        this.peoples = peoples;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasNext() {
        if(position >= peoples.size()){
            return false;
        } else{
            return true;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Object next() {
        Object object = peoples.get(position);
        position = position + 1;
        return object;
    }

    @Override
    public void remove() {
        if(position <= 0){
            System.out.println("不能移除，下标超过下界");
        } else{
            peoples.remove(position);
        }
    }
}

客户

package iterator;

import java.awt.print.Printable;

public class Client {
    Aggregate array;
    Aggregate list;

    public Client(Aggregate array, Aggregate list) {
        this.array = array;
        this.list = list;
    }

    // 打印集合里面所有人的信息
    public void PrintAllInfo() {
        Iterator arrayIterator = array.createIterator();
        Iterator listIterator = list.createIterator();
        System.out.println("数组里面的所有人");
        printPeoples(arrayIterator);
        System.out.println("ArrayList里面的所有人");
        printPeoples(listIterator);
    }

    private void printPeoples(Iterator iterator) {
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            People p = (People) iterator.next();
            System.out.println("姓名："+p.getName()+"  年龄："+p.getAge());
        }
    }
}

测试

package iterator;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayAggregate array = new ArrayAggregate();
        ListAggregate list = new ListAggregate();
        Client c = new Client(array, list);
        c.PrintAllInfo();
    }
}