SpringCloud 整和Nacos实现服务发现（采用Http2协议）

一、引言

本文主要介绍如何使用Nacos作为服务注册中心，并采用Http2来调用服务。
主要技术：

• SpringCloud、SpringBoot

• Nacos

• httpclient

• undertow Web服务器

• openfeign

• okhttp
  主要通过两个项目来完成演示：

• provide ：服务端

• consumer：客户端
  

• 将provide和consumer注册到Nacos-server，

• 服务消费者consumer通过主动轮询获取他所订阅消费的服务信息列表

• consumer根据获取到的服务信息列表，进行服务调用。

二、Nacos

1. Nacos简介：官网

2. Nacos环境搭建

三、引入依赖

3.1 整体项目的依赖

...
       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
         <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.2.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
                    <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
            <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
...
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.11.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Greenwich.SR4</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

3.2 服务端

  <dependency>
   	  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>

3.3 客户端

 		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
            <artifactId>feign-okhttp</artifactId>
            <version>10.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
            <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
            <version>3.14.4</version>
 		</dependency>

四、编码

4.1 服务端

1. 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosProviderApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
	}
}

• 通过 Spring Cloud 原生注解 @EnableDiscoveryClient 开启服务注册发现功能。

2. 配置application.properties

server.port=8070
# 服务吗名
spring.application.name=provider
# Nacos服务器地址
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
# 启用Http2支持
server.http2.enabled=true

3. 光设置server.http2.enabled=true不起作用，还需要以下配置

@Configuration
public class WebConfig {
    @Bean
    public UndertowServletWebServerFactory embeddedServletContainerFactory() {
        UndertowServletWebServerFactory factory = new UndertowServletWebServerFactory();
        factory.addBuilderCustomizers(builder -> builder.setServerOption(UndertowOptions.ENABLE_HTTP2, true));
        return factory;
    }
}

4. 需要调用的服务

@RestController
public class ProviderController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String index(@RequestParam String name) {
        return "hello " + name + "，this is first messge";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public String add(@RequestParam(value = "a") Integer a,@RequestParam(value = "b") Integer b) {
        return "the sum of a、b is "+String.valueOf(a+b);
    }
}

4.2客户端

1. 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class NacosConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

• @EnableDiscoveryClient:启用服务注册发现功能。
• @EnableFeignClients：启用feign进行远程调用

2. 配置application.properties

server.port=8071
# 服务名
spring.application.name=consumer
# Nacos服务器地址
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
# 启用okhttp
feign.okhttp.enabled=true

3. feign接口定义

@FeignClient(value= "provider")
@Component
public interface ServiceTransferApi {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
    String hello(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add")
    String add1(@RequestParam(value = "a") Integer a,@RequestParam(value = "b") Integer b);
}

• @FeignClient调用远程服务，value和name功能都一样都为服务名。
• 我们这里使用OpenFeign组件（Feign的升级版），它对RestTemplate做了封装，所以我们不需要再手动配置RestTemplate来实现负载均衡。

4. 为了使用明文http2，需要手动指定其协议，配置如下

@Configuration
public class HttpClientConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public OkHttpClient okHttpClient() {
        List<Protocol> protocols = new ArrayList<>();
        protocols.add(Protocol.H2_PRIOR_KNOWLEDGE);
        OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .readTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .connectTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .writeTimeout(120, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .connectionPool(new ConnectionPool());
        // 添加拦截器用于打印响应时所使用的协议
        builder.addInterceptor(new ResponseInterceptor());
        builder.protocols(protocols);
        return builder.build();
    }
}

5. 为了能方便看出用的是什么协议，设置了拦截器

@Slf4j
public class ResponseInterceptor implements Interceptor {
    @Override
    public Response intercept(@NotNull Chain chain) throws IOException {
        Request request = chain.request();
        try {
            Response response = chain.proceed(request);
            log.info("请求协议：{}",response.protocol());
            return response;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

6. 调用接口

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    private ServiceTransferApi serviceTransferApi;
    @RequestMapping("/hello/{name}")
    public String index(@PathVariable("name") String name) {
        return serviceTransferApi.hello(name);
    }
    @RequestMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
    public String add(@PathVariable("a") Integer a,@PathVariable("b") Integer b) {
        return serviceTransferApi.add1(a,b);
    }
}

7.测试
启动服务
进入Nacos管理端查看服务是否已经注册：

在浏览器输入：http://localhost:8071/hello/world
返回：hello world，this is first messge 表示服务调用成功
日志打印出：请求协议：h2_prior_knowledge表示Http2协议已经手动指定成功。

感谢参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/wangchengming1/article/details/93074755
https://www.jianshu.com/p/9530d58250c7
https://www.larscheng.com/namingservice/