Android拍照保存

1、拍照是在安卓开发中常用到的一个功能，所以需要熟练掌握

2、实现的功能是：拍照、保存到指定文件夹、照片可以命名

3、先获得读取文件夹的权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<>();
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.
        permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    permissionList.add(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
}
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.
        permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    permissionList.add(Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
}
if (!permissionList.isEmpty()) {
    String[] permissions = permissionList.toArray(new String[permissionList.size()]);
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, permissions, 1);
}

 4、新建FileProvider，不然会报错Unable to get provider androidx.core.content.FileProvider: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Missing android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS meta-data，先建一个xml文件夹：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths>
    <external-path
        name="my_images"
        path="."/>
</paths>

 然后写入元数据：

<provider
    android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
    android:authorities="com.example.myapplication.fileprovider"
    android:exported="false"
    android:grantUriPermissions="true">
    <meta-data
        android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
        android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>

5、完整代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.myapplication">

    <!-- 获取访问手机相机权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.MyApplication">

        <provider
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.example.myapplication.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:text="拍照"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

package com.example.myapplication;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private String currentPhotoPath;
    private ImageView imageView;
    static final int REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO = 1;

    private void dispatchTakePictureIntent() {
        Intent takePictureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        // Ensure that there's a camera activity to handle the intent
        if (takePictureIntent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            // Create the File where the photo should go
            File photoFile = null;
            photoFile = createImageFile();
            // Continue only if the File was successfully created
            if (photoFile != null) {
                Uri photoURI;
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                    /*7.0以上要通过FileProvider将File转化为Uri*/
                    photoURI = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.example.myapplication.fileprovider", photoFile);
                } else {
                    /*7.0以下则直接使用Uri的fromFile方法将File转化为Uri*/
                    photoURI = Uri.fromFile(photoFile);
                }
                takePictureIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoURI);
                startActivityForResult(takePictureIntent, REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO);
            }
        }
    }

    private File createImageFile() {
        // Create an image file name
        @SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat") String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());
        String imageFileName = "JPEG_" + timeStamp;
        File storageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "AAAAA");
        if (!storageDir.exists())
            storageDir.mkdirs();
        File currentImageFile = new File(storageDir, imageFileName + ".jpg");
        if (!currentImageFile.exists()) {
            try {
                currentImageFile.createNewFile();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        // Save a file: path for use with ACTION_VIEW intents
        currentPhotoPath = currentImageFile.getAbsolutePath();
        return currentImageFile;
    }

    //添加到相册
    private void galleryAddPic() {
        Intent mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);
        File f = new File(currentPhotoPath);
        Uri contentUri = Uri.fromFile(f);
        mediaScanIntent.setData(contentUri);
        this.sendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        imageView = findViewById(R.id.imageView);

        Button button = findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                dispatchTakePictureIntent();
            }
        });

        List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<>();
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.
                permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            permissionList.add(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        }
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.
                permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            permissionList.add(Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
        }
        if (!permissionList.isEmpty()) {
            String[] permissions = permissionList.toArray(new String[permissionList.size()]);
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, permissions, 1);
        }
    }

    //返回结果
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            galleryAddPic();
            //如果写入本地//takePictureIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoURI);data就会变成null
            if (data != null) {
                Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
                Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) bundle.get("data");
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "data is null", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                //本地读
                File file = new File(currentPhotoPath);
                Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
                try {
                    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri));
                    imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }

        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    }
}