根据官方文档和自己实际操作整理,方便自己以后使用。为了方便,用maven做的例子。
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>Socket</groupId>
<artifactId>S</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>S Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- netty -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.netty/netty-all -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.netty/netty-all -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0.Alpha1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>S</finalName>
</build>
</project>
NettyServer.java
package websocket;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
public class NettyServer implements ServletContextListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new NettyServer().run();
}
public void run(){
//boss
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
//worker
EventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(bossGroup, workGroup);
b.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
b.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel e) throws Exception {
e.pipeline().addLast("http-codec",new HttpServerCodec());
e.pipeline().addLast("aggregator",new HttpObjectAggregator(65536));
e.pipeline().addLast("http-chunked",new ChunkedWriteHandler());
e.pipeline().addLast("handler",new MyWebSocketServerHandler());
}
});
// Start the server.
Channel ch = b.bind(8082).sync().channel();
// Wait until the server socket is closed.
ch.closeFuture().sync();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
// Shut down all event loops to terminate all threads.
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
}
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
System.err.println("nettyListener Startup!");
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run(){
try {
new NettyServer().run();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
System.err.println("nettyListener end!");
}
}
NettyServer类实现了ServletContextListener,通过listener来启动netty服务。(暂时未做将netty服务配置到spring中)
Global.java
package websocket;
import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;
public class Global {
public static ChannelGroup group = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
}
MyWebSocketServerHandler.java
package websocket;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;
import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.CloseWebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.PingWebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.PongWebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerHandshaker;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
public class MyWebSocketServerHandler extends
SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {
private static final Logger logger = Logger
.getLogger(WebSocketServerHandshaker.class.getName());
private WebSocketServerHandshaker handshaker;
public static ChannelGroup group = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
// 添加
group.add(ctx.channel());
System.out.println("客户端与服务端连接开启");
}
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
// 移除
group.remove(ctx.channel());
System.out.println("客户端与服务端连接关闭");
}
@Override
protected void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
throws Exception {
if (msg instanceof FullHttpRequest) {
handleHttpRequest(ctx, ((FullHttpRequest) msg));
} else if (msg instanceof WebSocketFrame) {
handlerWebSocketFrame(ctx, (WebSocketFrame) msg);
}
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
ctx.flush();
}
private void handlerWebSocketFrame(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
WebSocketFrame frame) {
// 判断是否关闭链路的指令
if (frame instanceof CloseWebSocketFrame) {
handshaker.close(ctx.channel(),
(CloseWebSocketFrame) frame.retain());
}
// 判断是否ping消息
if (frame instanceof PingWebSocketFrame) {
ctx.channel().write(
new PongWebSocketFrame(frame.content().retain()));
return;
}
// 本例程仅支持文本消息,不支持二进制消息
if (!(frame instanceof TextWebSocketFrame)) {
System.out.println("本例程仅支持文本消息,不支持二进制消息");
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(String.format(
"%s frame types not supported", frame.getClass().getName()));
}
// 返回应答消息
String request = ((TextWebSocketFrame) frame).text();
String news = "4564";
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("id", "123456");
System.out.println("服务端收到:" + request);
if (logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
logger.fine(String.format("%s received %s", ctx.channel(), request));
}
TextWebSocketFrame tws = new TextWebSocketFrame(new Date().toString()
+ ctx.channel().id() + ":" +news+map);
// 群发
group.writeAndFlush(tws);
// 返回【谁发的发给谁】
// ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(tws);
}
private void handleHttpRequest(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
FullHttpRequest req) {
if (!req.getDecoderResult().isSuccess()
|| (!"websocket".equals(req.headers().get("Upgrade")))) {
sendHttpResponse(ctx, req, new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.BAD_REQUEST));
return;
}
WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory wsFactory = new WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory(
"ws://localhost:8082/websocket", null, false);
handshaker = wsFactory.newHandshaker(req);
if (handshaker == null) {
WebSocketServerHandshakerFactory
.sendUnsupportedWebSocketVersionResponse(ctx.channel());
} else {
handshaker.handshake(ctx.channel(), req);
}
}
private static void sendHttpResponse(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,
FullHttpRequest req, DefaultFullHttpResponse res) {
// 返回应答给客户端
if (res.getStatus().code() != 200) {
ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(res.getStatus().toString(),
CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
res.content().writeBytes(buf);
buf.release();
}
// 如果是非Keep-Alive,关闭连接
ChannelFuture f = ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(res);
if (!isKeepAlive(req) || res.getStatus().code() != 200) {
f.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}
}
private static boolean isKeepAlive(FullHttpRequest req) {
return false;
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
throws Exception {
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<javaee:display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</javaee:display-name>
<listener>
<listener-class>websocket.NettyServer</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket;
if(!window.WebSocket) {
window.WebSocket = window.MozWebSocket;
}
if(window.WebSocket) {
socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8082/websocket");
socket.onmessage = function(event) {
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value += event.data + "\r\n";
};
socket.onopen = function(event) {
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value = "打开WebSoket 服务正常,浏览器支持WebSoket!" + "\r\n";
};
socket.onclose = function(event) {
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value = "";
ta.value = "WebSocket 关闭" + "\r\n";
};
} else {
alert("您的浏览器不支持WebSocket协议!");
}
function closeweb() {
alert("www");
socket.onclose;
}
function send() {
var message = document.getElementById('msg').value;
if(!window.WebSocket) {
return;
}
if(socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) {
socket.send(message);
} else {
alert("WebSocket 连接没有建立成功!");
}
}
</script>
<body>
<form onsubmit="return false;"> <textarea type="text" id="msg" name="message" value="" style="width: 1000px;height: 90px;">
</textarea> <br/><br/> <input type="button" value="发送 WebSocket 请求消息" onclick="send()" />
<input type="button" value="关闭" onclick="closeweb()" />
<hr color="blue" />
<h3>服务端返回的应答消息</h3> <textarea id="responseText" style="width: 1024px;height: 300px;"></textarea>
</form>
</body>
</html>
这是一个简单的通信例子是通过group群发的,也可以通过channel.writeAndFlush()实现单一转发,但在一次通信的过程中,只能对一个channel进行消息的转发。在netty5中无法通过遍历Map实现群发。如果要实现定向的群发,可以遍历map加入到group中,然后实现群发,不会出错。
Map<ChannelId, Channel> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<ChannelId, Channel>();
ChannelGroup group = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
for (Channel ch : map.values()) {
group.add(ch);
}
group.writeAndFlush(tw);
for (Channel ch : map.values()) {
group.remove(ch);
}