为折线图添加辅助元素

1 #导入模块并准备数据
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 1.准备数据
x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256, endpoint=True)
y_cos, y_sin = np.cos(x), np.sin(x)
labels = ['COS', 'SIN']

2 #绘制折线图
cos = plt.plot(x, y_cos, color='k', linewidth=1.0, label='cos')
sin = plt.plot(x, y_sin, color='b', linewidth=1.0, alpha=0.5, label='sin')


3 #添加辅助元素

plt.title('Cos & Sin')

plt.xticks([-np.pi, -np.pi / 2, 0, np.pi / 2, np.pi],
[r'$-\pi$', r'$-\pi/2$', r'$0$', '$\pi/2$', '$\pi$'])

plt.yticks([-1, -0.6, 0.5, 0.7, 1], ['-1.2', '-0.4', '0.6', '0.5', '1.3'])

plt.legend(loc='upper left', fancybox=True)

plt.grid()

plt.annotate('cos(1)', (1, np.cos(1)), 
(1.35, np.cos(1) + 0.25),
arrowprops={'arrowstyle': '->'})

4 #图表样式美化并展示图表

plt.fill_between(x, y_cos, y_sin, y_cos > y_sin, color='g', alpha=0.25)

5#图表展示
plt.show()