本文详细介绍了使用Python实现的学生信息管理系统，包括面向过程和面向对象两种编程风格，涉及的功能有录入、查找、删除、修改、排序、统计和显示学生信息。
目录
Python学生信息管理系统
面向过程
import os.path
import re
filename = "students.txt"
def main():
ctrl = True # 标记是否退出系统
while ctrl:
menu() # 显示菜单————调用菜单方法
option = input("请选择：")
option_str = re.sub("\D", "", option)
if option_str in ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7']:
option_int = int(option_str)
if option_int == 0:
print("您已退出学生信息管理系统！")
ctrl = False
elif option_int == 1:
insert()
elif option_int == 2:
search()
elif option_int == 3:
delete()
elif option_int == 4:
modify()
elif option_int == 5:
sort()
elif option_int == 6:
total()
elif option_int == 7:
show()
def menu():
print(
"------------------------学生信息管理系统------------------------"
"| |"
"|==========================功能菜单============================"
"| |"
"| 1.录入学生信息 |"
"| 2.查找学生信息 |"
"| 3.删除学生信息 |"
"| 4.修改学生信息 |"
"| 5.排序 |"
"| 6.统计学生总人数 |"
"| 7.显示所有学生信息 |"
"| 0.退出系统 |"
"|============================================================"
"| 说明：通过数字键上下选择菜单 |"
"---------------------------------------------------------------"
)
# 将学生信息保存到文件
def save(student):
try:
student_txt = open(filename, "a")
except Exception as e:
student_txt = open(filename, "w")
for info in student:
student_txt.write(str(info) + "\n")
student_txt.close()
# 实现学生信息录入功能
def insert():
stdentList = []
mark = True
while mark:
id = input("请输入ID(如 1001):")
if not id:
break
name = input("请输入名字:")
if not name:
break
try:
english = int(input("请输入英语成绩："))
python = int(input("请输入Python成绩："))
c = int(input("请输入c语言成绩："))
except:
print("输入无效，不是整数值....重新录入信息")
continue
stdent = {"id": id, "name": name, "english": english, "python": python, "c": c}
stdentList.append(stdent)
inputMark = input("是否继续添加?(y/n):")
if inputMark == "y":
mark = True
else:
mark = False
save(stdentList)
print("学生信息录入完毕！！！")
# 删除学生信息
def delete():
mark = True
while mark:
studentId = input("请输入要删除的学生ID: ")
if (studentId != ""):
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as rfile:
student_old = rfile.readlines()
else:
student_old = []
ifdel = False
if student_old:
with open(filename, 'w') as wfile:
d = {}
for list in student_old:
d = dict(eval(list))
if d['id'] != studentId:
wfile.write(str(d) + "\n")
else:
ifdel = True
if ifdel:
print("ID为 %s 的学生信息已经被删除..." % studentId)
else:
print("没有找到ID为 %s 的学生信息..." % studentId)
else:
print("无学生信息...")
break
show()
inputMark = input("是否继续删除？ （y/n）:")
if inputMark == "y":
mark = True
else:
mark = False
# 修改学生信息
def modify():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as rfile:
student_old = rfile.readlines()
else:
return
studentid = input("请输入要修改的学生ID: ")
with open(filename, 'w') as wfile:
for student in student_old:
d = dict(eval(student))
if d["id"] == studentid:
print("找到了这名学生，可以修改他的信息！")
while True:
try:
d["name"] = input("请输入姓名: ")
d["english"] = int(input("请输入英语成绩: "))
d["python"] = int(input("请输入Python成绩: "))
d["c"] = int(input("请输入C语言成绩: "))
except:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入。")
else:
break
student = str(d)
wfile.write(student + "\n")
print("修改成功！ ")
else:
wfile.write(student)
mark = input("是否继续修改其他学生信息？ （y/n）:")
if mark == "y":
modify()
# 查询学生信息
def search():
mark = True
student_query = []
while mark:
id = ""
name = ""
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode = input("按ID查输入1；按姓名查输入2: ")
if mode == "1":
id = input("请输入学生ID: ")
elif mode == "2":
name = input("请输入学生姓名: ")
else:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入！")
search()
with open(filename, 'r') as file:
student = file.readlines()
for list in student:
d = dict(eval(list))
if (id != ""):
if d['id'] == id:
student_query.append(d)
elif (name != ""):
if d['name'] == name:
student_query.append(d)
show_student(student_query)
student_query.clear()
inputMark = input("是否继续查询？（y/n）:")
if inputMark == "y":
mark = True
else:
mark = False
else:
print("暂未保存数据信息...")
return
# 统计学生总人数
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, "r") as rfile:
student_old = rfile.readlines()
if student_old:
print("一共有%d名学生！" % len(student_old))
else:
print("还没录入学生信息！")
else:
print("暂未保存数据信息。。。")
# 显示所有学生信息
def show():
student_new = []
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, "r") as rfile:
student_old = rfile.readlines()
for list in student_old:
student_new.append(eval(list))
if student_new:
show_student(student_new)
def show_student(studentList):
if not studentList:
print("(o@.@o) 无数据信息 (o@.@o) \n")
return
# 定义标题显示格式
format_title = "{:^6}{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}"
print(format_title.format("ID", "名字", "英语成绩", "Python成绩", "C语言成绩", "总成绩"))
# 定义具体内容显示格式
format_data = "{:^6}{:^12}\t{:^12}\t{:^12}\t{:^12}\t{:^12}"
for info in studentList:
print(format_data.format(info.get("id"),
info.get("name"), str(info.get("english")), str(info.get("python")),
str(info.get("c")),
str(info.get("english") + info.get("python") +
info.get("c")).center(12)))
# 排序
def sort():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, "r") as file:
student_old = file.readlines()
student_new = []
for list in student_old:
d = dict(eval(list))
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
ascORdesc = input("请选择（0升序；1降序）：")
if ascORdesc == "0":
ascORdescBool = False
elif ascORdesc == "1":
ascORdescBool = True
else:
print("你的输入有误，请重新输入")
sort()
mode = input("请选择排序方法（1按英语成绩排序；2按python成绩排序；3按c语言成绩排序；0按总成绩排序）")
if mode == "1":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x["english"], reverse=ascORdescBool)
elif mode == "2":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x["python"], reverse=ascORdescBool)
elif mode == "3":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x["c"], reverse=ascORdescBool)
elif mode == "0":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x["english"] + x["python"] + x["python"], reverse=ascORdescBool)
else:
print("您输入有误，请重新输入！")
sort()
show_student(student_new)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
面向对象
# @Project : 学生信息管理系统
# @Author : 黄前程
# @Time : 2023/10/17 21:00
# 请尊重作者的劳动成果，转载请注明出处
# -----------------------------------------------
class Student:
def __init__(self, id, name, age, english, python, c):
self.id = id
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.english = english
self.python = python
self.c = c
# __str__方法用于返回对象的描述信息，如果不使用__str__方法，直接print，或者return，返回的是对象的内存地址。
# 如果在__str__中定义了描述信息，print或者return时，返回的就不是内存地址，显示更友好，实现了类到字符串的转化。
def __str__(self):
return (f"ID: {self.id:<6} | Name: {self.name:<10} | Age: {self.age:<6} "
f"| English: {self.english:<6} | Python: {self.python:<6} | C: {self.c:<6}")
class StudentManager:
def __init__(self, file_name):
self.students = []
self.file_name = file_name
try:
with open(file_name, "r") as file:
for line in file:
student_info = line.strip().split(",")
student = Student(student_info[0], student_info[1], int(student_info[2]), float(student_info[3]),
float(student_info[4]), float(student_info[5]))
self.students.append(student)
except FileNotFoundError:
print("系统中没有学生信息，请先录入学生信息！")
def save_to_file(self):
with open(self.file_name, "w") as file:
for student in self.students:
file.write(
f"{student.id},{student.name},{student.age},{student.english},{student.python},{student.c}\n")
def add_student(self, student):
self.students.append(student)
self.save_to_file()
def delete_student(self, id):
self.students = [student for student in self.students if student.id != id]
self.save_to_file()
def update_student(self, id, new_info):
for student in self.students:
if student.id == id:
student.name = new_info[0]
student.age = int(new_info[1])
student.english = float(new_info[2])
student.python = float(new_info[3])
student.c = float(new_info[4])
self.save_to_file()
break
def sort_students(self):
self.students.sort(key=lambda student: student.english + student.python + student.c, reverse=True)
def count_students(self):
return len(self.students)
def show_all_students(self):
for student in self.students:
print(student)
def show_student(self, id):
for student in self.students:
if student.id == id:
print(student)
break
def main():
manager = StudentManager("students.txt")
while True:
print('''
------------------------学生信息管理系统------------------------
| |
|==========================功能菜单===========================|
| |
| 1.录入学生信息 |
| 2.查找学生信息 |
| 3.删除学生信息 |
| 4.修改学生信息 |
| 5.排序(成绩从高到低) |
| 6.统计学生总人数 |
| 7.显示所有学生信息 |
| 0.退出系统 |
|============================================================|
| |
---------------------------------------------------------------
'''
)
option = input("请选择：")
if option == "1":
while True:
try:
id = input("请输入学生ID: ")
name = input("请输入学生姓名: ")
age = int(input("请输入学生年龄: "))
english = float(input("请输入英语成绩: "))
python = float(input("请输入Python成绩: "))
c = float(input("请输入C语言成绩: "))
except:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入。")
else:
break
manager.add_student(Student(id, name, age, english, python, c))
elif option == "2":
id = input("请输入要查询的学生ID: ")
if id in [student.id for student in manager.students]:
print(f"学生在系统中")
manager.show_student(id)
else:
print(f"没有找到ID: {id}的学生")
elif option == "3":
id = input("请输入要删除的学生ID: ")
manager.delete_student(id)
elif option == "4":
while True:
id = input("请输入要更新信息的学生ID: ")
try:
new_info = input("请输入完整的新信息，格式：姓名 年龄 英语成绩 python成绩 c语言成绩:\n").split(" ")
manager.update_student(id, new_info)
except:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入。")
else:
break
elif option == "5":
manager.sort_students()
elif option == "6":
count = manager.count_students()
print(f"学生总数：{count}")
elif option == "7":
manager.show_all_students()
elif option == "0":
print("Exiting the system...")
break
else:
print("请输入正确的选项！")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
扫一扫
998
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
