基于MATLAB GUI的系统设计（三）_gui 能画表格吗-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/HUAI_BI_TONG/article/details/97426564

经过前面两个实例的练习，接下来正式开始为系统的设计作铺垫。首先学习的是用MATLAB GUI怎么插入表格并进行编辑。

uitable的创建与设置

第一步：创建一个空的GUI界面，在界面上添加一个uitable控件。在这里插入图片描述
第二步：设置 uitable 的属性和显示效果。设置 uitable 属性的方法有两种：采用 Table Property Editor 设置 uitable 的属性或者采用 MATLAB 代码设置 uitable 的属性。

采用 Table Property Editor 设置 uitable 的属性：

设置所创建的uitable 的Tag为Tag1;
设置列标题ColumnName、列宽、列设置为可编辑状态，设置行标题；
初始化uitable的数据，WS里生成magic(5)矩阵，用于数据初始化；
设置uitable的背景颜色（BackgroundColor）的分段效果。

采用 MATLAB 代码设置 uitable 的属性：

设置所创建的uitable 的Tag为Tag2；
设置列标题ColumnName、列宽、列设置为可编辑状态；

set(hObject,'ColumnName',{'列号1','列号2','列号3','列号4','列号5'})  % 设置列标题
set(hObject,'ColumnWidth',{100,100,100,100,100})   % 设置列宽
set(hObject,'ColumnEditable',logical(ones(1,5)))   % 设置列的可编辑性

设置行标题；

set(hObject,'RowName',{'A','B','C','D','E'})    % 设置行标题

初始化uitable的数据

set(hObject,'Data',magic(5))   % 初始化数据

设置uitable的背景颜色（BackgroundColor）的分段效果。

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',[0 1 1;1 1 0])  % 设置行的分段效果

在这里插入图片描述
实例一： 某工厂生产的桶装洗衣液，产品重量要求为3±0.05Kg。现质检部门对一批产品进行抽样检查，由3个不同的测量员分别对5桶洗衣液进行称重，称重结果见“chengzhong.xlsx”文件。将称重结果显示在一个uitable中，并绘制称重结果的图形。

第一步：GUIDE画界面。
在这里插入图片描述
第二步：编辑代码。

function varargout = chengzhong(varargin)
% CHENGZHONG MATLAB code for chengzhong.fig
%      CHENGZHONG, by itself, creates a new CHENGZHONG or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = CHENGZHONG returns the handle to a new CHENGZHONG or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      CHENGZHONG('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in CHENGZHONG.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      CHENGZHONG('Property','Value',...) creates a new CHENGZHONG or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before chengzhong_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to chengzhong_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help chengzhong

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 10-Apr-2019 21:36:39

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @chengzhong_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @chengzhong_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before chengzhong is made visible.
function chengzhong_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to chengzhong (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for chengzhong
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes chengzhong wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = chengzhong_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.xlsx';'*.xls'},'读入测试数据文件');
[num,txt,raw]=xlsread([pathname,filename])
set(handles.Tab1,'Data',num(:,2:end))  %显示到表格中

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function Tab2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to Tab2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
set(hObject,'ColumnName',{'重量下限值','绘图间隔值','重量上限值'})  % 设置列标题
set(hObject,'Data',[2.95,0.02,3.05])

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
TestData=get(handles.Tab1,'Data')  %获取表格数据矩阵
Limits=get(handles.Tab2,'Data')
axes(handles.axes1)
plot(1:5,TestData,'Marker','o')
hold on
plot([1,5],[Limits(1),Limits(1)],'r--','LineWidth',2)
plot([1,5],[Limits(3),Limits(3)],'r--','LineWidth',2)
set(gca,'YTick',[Limits(1):Limits(2):Limits(3)]) %标上小刻度
set(gca,'YLim',[Limits(1)-0.01 Limits(3)+0.01]) %设置Y坐标范围
legend({'测量员甲','测量员乙','测量员丙','重量下限','重量上'},'Location','NorthEastOutside')    %设置图例，以及位置
hold off   %方便下次改变数值的时候，刷新界面

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function Tab1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to Tab1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
set(hObject,'ColumnName',{'测量员甲','测量员乙','测量员丙'})  % 设置列标题

% --- Executes on button press in save.
function save_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to save (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
[filename,pathname] = uiputfile({'*.xls','excel(*.xls)'}, '保存数据','Untitled');
if filename==0
    return
end
Data=get(handles.Tab1,'Data');
xlswrite(fullfile(pathname,filename),Data);

% --- Executes on button press in exit.
function exit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to exit (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
clc         %清除指令窗
close all   %关闭所有句柄可见的窗口
close(gcf)  %关闭当前窗口
clear       %清除内存变量和函数

第三步：运行。
在这里插入图片描述
第四步：在完成GUI界面创建后，对所创建界面的效果进行试验。点击“导入测量数据”按钮在文件夹中选择“chengzhong.xlsx”文件，点击“保存测量数据”按钮可将测量的数据另存为新的文件，点击“绘制测量数据”按钮即可绘制称重结果的图形，点击“退出”按钮可以退出界面。
在这里插入图片描述