//类:SpringApplication.java
private void refreshContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
//直接调用刷新方法
refresh(context);
if (this.registerShutdownHook) {
try {
context.registerShutdownHook();
}
catch (AccessControlException ex) {
// Not allowed in some environments.
}
}
}
//类:SpringApplication.java
protected void refresh(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
Assert.isInstanceOf(AbstractApplicationContext.class, applicationContext);
((AbstractApplicationContext) applicationContext).refresh();
}
这里还是直接传递调用本类的 refresh(context)方法,最后是强转成父类
AbstractApplicationContext 调用其 refresh()方法,该代码如下:
// 类:AbstractApplicationContext
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.这里的意思就是调用各个子类的onRefresh()
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset ‘active’ flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring’s core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore…
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
这里我们看到 onRefresh()方法是调用其子类的实现,根据我们上文的分析,我们这里的子类是
ServletWebServerApplicationContext。
//类:ServletWebServerApplicationContext
protected void onRefresh() {
super.onRefresh();
try {
createWebServer();
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException(“Unable to start web server”, ex);
}
}
private void createWebServer() {
WebServer webServer = this.webServer;
ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
if (webServer == null && servletContext == null) {
ServletWebServerFactory factory = getWebServerFactory();
this.webServer = factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());
}
else if (servletContext != null) {
try {
getSelfInitializer().onStartup(servletContext);
}
catch (ServletException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException(“Cannot initialize servlet context”, ex);
}
}
initPropertySources();
}
到这里,其实庐山真面目已经出来了,createWebServer()就是启动 web 服务,但是还没有真正启动 Tomcat,既然 webServer 是通过 ServletWebServerFactory 来获取的,我们就来看看这个工厂的真面目。
走进 Tomcat 内部
================
根据上图我们发现,工厂类是一个接口,各个具体服务的实现是由各个子类来实现的,所以我们就去看看
TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getWebServer()的实现。
@Override
public WebServer getWebServer(ServletContextInitializer… initializers) {
Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null) ? this.baseDirectory : createTempDir(“tomcat”);
tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
customizeConnector(connector);
tomcat.setConnector(connector);
tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
}
prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
return getTomcatWebServer(tomcat);
}
根据上面的代码,我们发现其主要做了两件事情,第一件事就是把 Connnctor(我们称之为连接器)对象添加到 Tomcat 中,第二件事就是 configureEngine,这连接器我们勉强能理解(不理解后面会述说),那这个 Engine 是什么呢?我们查看 tomcat.getEngine()的源码:
public Engine getEngine() {
Service service = getServer().findServices()[0];
if (service.getContainer() != null) {
return service.getContainer();
}
Engine engine = new StandardEngine();
engine.setName( “Tomcat” );
engine.setDefaultHost(hostname);
engine.setRealm(createDefaultRealm());
service.setContainer(engine);
return engine;
}
根据上面的源码,我们发现,原来这个 Engine 是容器,我们继续跟踪源码,找到 Container 接口
上图中,我们看到了 4 个子接口,分别是 Engine,Host,Context,Wrapper。我们从继承关系上可以知道他们都是容器,那么他们到底有啥区别呢?我看看他们的注释是怎么说的。
/**
If used, an Engine is always the top level Container in a Catalina
-
hierarchy. Therefore, the implementation’s
setParent()
method -
should throw
IllegalArgumentException
. -
@author Craig R. McClanahan
*/
public interface Engine extends Container {
//省略代码
}
/**
-
-
The parent Container attached to a Host is generally an Engine, but may
-
be some other implementation, or may be omitted if it is not necessary.
-
-
The child containers attached to a Host are generally implementations
-
of Context (representing an individual servlet context).
-
@author Craig R. McClanahan
*/
public interface Host extends Container {
//省略代码
}
/***
-
The parent Container attached to a Context is generally a Host, but may
-
be some other implementation, or may be omitted if it is not necessary.
-
-
The child containers attached to a Context are generally implementations
-
of Wrapper (representing individual servlet definitions).
-
-
@author Craig R. McClanahan
*/
public interface Context extends Container, ContextBind {
//省略代码
}
/**
-
The parent Container attached to a Wrapper will generally be an
-
implementation of Context, representing the servlet context (and
-
therefore the web application) within which this servlet executes.
-
-
Child Containers are not allowed on Wrapper implementations, so the
-
addChild()
method should throw an -
IllegalArgumentException
. -
@author Craig R. McClanahan
*/
public interface Wrapper extends Container {
//省略代码
}
上面的注释翻译过来就是,Engine 是最高级别的容器,其子容器是 Host,Host 的子容器是 Context,Wrapper 是 Context 的子容器,所以这 4 个容器的关系就是父子关系,也就是 Engine>Host>Context>Wrapper。我们再看看 Tomcat 类的源码:
//部分源码,其余部分省略。
public class Tomcat {
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