Lesson 68 Persistent 纠缠不休
by傻可樂&弋曦
New words and expressions 生词和短语
persistent adj. 坚持的，固执的
avoid v. 避开
insist v. 坚持做
词汇解析：
1、persistent adj. 坚持的, 固执的
stubborn adj. 顽固的, 固执的, 坚定的, 坚决的, 难应付的, 难处理的
You are stubborn. 你这个死脑筋
persist v. 坚持(不顾阻拦一味的坚持):
persist in doing sth.
He persist in making noise.他执意要制造噪音。
We should persist in the mass line. 我们应该坚持群众路线。
stick to
adhere to
I'll stick to her through thick and thin. 我自始至终支持她。
through thick and thin 不畏艰难
The stamp sticks to the envelope. 邮票粘在信封上。
2、 insist v. 坚持认为，坚持说
vt. &vi. ①坚持，坚决认为
insist on
She insisted on a definite answer. 她坚持要一个明确的答复。
My brother insist on going with me.
He insists on the importance of the meeting.
persevere v. 坚持，坚持不懈地努力
persevere in sth./doing sth.
We should persevere in studying English.
3、avoid v. 避开
avoid (in) doing sth. 避免做……
Pretend v.假装
Pretend to do sth.
prevent 阻止，制止，妨碍
Prevent...from...
Wave v. 挥手，摇动，卷发，烫发 n. 波浪
wave hands heat wave 热浪
fancy
① vt. 设想，想像
Fancy Mary not knowing the answer to such an easy question!
vt. ② 想要，喜欢（往往用于指个人爱好）
It’s a fine day and I fancy driving down to the coast.
【课文讲解】
1.I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
我穿过马路以便避开他，但他看到我并朝我跑过来。
1) avoid + doing sth (只能跟动名词/名词,这样的单词有: enjoy, fancy, mind, finish…)
I always avoid traveling during rush hour.
He enjoys playing football.
2) came running towards me
running towards me是现在分词短语,作状语,修饰came,表示伴随状况. 一样情况如: go swimming
She ran shouting out for help.
cross v. 穿过
I cross the garden.
across adv.&prep. 穿过 go through
I go across the garden.
hear/see/feel/watch+doing/to do sth
+doing强调动作正在发生，用于叙述中使人身临其境
+to do表示动作发生了或者过程结束了
come running towards sb. 向某人跑过来
come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词（climbing，driving，fishing，riding，shopping，walking等），表示建议、邀请或叙事。
2、It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him.
若再装作没看见他已是没有用了，我只好向他招手。
It是形式主语, 真正的主语是动名词短语 pretending that I had not seen him…
假装没看到他是没用了…
It is (of) no use doing…是个固定结构. 可以省略, 表 “做…也是徒劳”
It is (of) no use worrying about your family
It is (of) no use doing… 做……是没有用处的，做……是徒步的/无益的
=it is useless of/in doing sth.
It is no use pretending … 假装……是没有用了
It is no use crying over the spilled milk. 覆水难收
There’s no point in my coming climbing with you.
我和你们去爬山毫无意义。 （there’s no point in =it is no use）
wave to sb. 向某人招手
3、I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.
我就怕遇到奈杰尔.戴克斯。
Enjoy/like/appreciate/love doing sth. 喜欢做……
be interested in doing sth.
4、He never has anything to do.
他从来都是无事可做
用不定式做定语, 修饰anything，不定式放在不定代词后面
anything to do 任何要做的事
anything to eat 可以吃的东西
anything to drink 可以喝的东西
5、No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you.
不管你多忙，他总是坚持要跟你去。
no matter常与how，when，where，what，who等引导的从句连用，译为“无论……”
No matter where you go, you can’t forget your hoe.
No matter what I say, I seem to say the wrong thing.
No matter what=whatever
No matter how old you are,…
No matter where you are,…
No matter who you are,…
No matter how tired you are, your children insisted on listening to stories.
insist on doing sth 坚持做……
6、I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.
我得想办法不让他整个上午缠着我。
1) think of 想出
2) a way of doing…做…的方法
3) prevent …from doing…阻止…做…
prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事, 让某人不做某事
stop sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事
keep sb. from doing sth. 让某人不做某事(保持不做某事)
forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
Follow sb around...跟着某人转
I can’t prevent your from going if you want to.
Ｑ：整个句子的结构是什么？
I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.
主：I
谓：had to think of
宾：a way
定：of preventing him from following me around all morning
think of a way of doing sth. 想一个做某事的方法
think of a way of solving
7、'Hello, Nigel,' I said. 'Fancy meeting you here!'
“你好，奈杰尔，想不到在这儿见到你。”我说。
Fancy meeting you here=Imagine meeting you here! 真想不到会在这见到你! （fancy＝imagine）
“fancy+名词”表示惊讶
8、'Hi, Elizabeth,' Nigel answered. 'I was just wondering how to spend the morning -- until I saw you. You're not busy doing anything, are you?'
“你好，伊丽莎白，”奈杰尔回答说，“我正不知道怎么消磨这一上午呢，正好见到好。你不忙，是吗？”
'No, not at all,' I answered. 'I'm going to...'
“不，不忙，我打算去......”我回答。
be busy doing sth. 忙着做……
反意疑问句的回答, 根据事实回答
You're not busy doing anything, are you?
No,not at all.不，完全不是，（我很忙）
You didn't do that,did u?
Yes,I did.不是，我做了。 No,I didn't.是的，我没做。
9、'Would you mind my coming with you?' he asked, before I had finished speaking.
“我跟你一道去行吗？”没等我说完话他就问道。
我们先来比较一下：
Would you mind coming with me?
你跟我走行吗？
Would you mind opening the window?
Would you mind my opening the window?
“Would/Do you mind +动名词/if引导的从句”用来表示客气的请求或征求意见，表示同意/不介意时，用“No, not at all”或“Certainly not”回答；不同意时往往用一些委婉的说法，如“I’m sorry, but…”等回答，不用“yes, I so”。
Would you mind if I open the windows?
Certainly not. /Sorry, but it’s cold here.
mind (sb’s) +doing sth. 介意某人做某事
-ing的逻辑主语有四种形式，分为两大类
Would you mind my parents' having dinner with me?
Would you mind me opening the door?
Would you mind my/me smoking?
-ing的逻辑主语有四种形式，分为两大类
① 作为代词, 可以用人称代词的宾格, 又可以用形容词性物主代词
② 作为名词, 可以保持本身不变, 也可以变成名词所有格
作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格, 形容词性物主代词), 但作宾语时可以用所有格, 也可用普通格(人称代词宾格)
Would you mind my parents' having dinner with me?
Would you mind me opening the door?
Would you mind my/me smoking?
Would you mind me making myself at home? 你介意我把这儿当成家吗?
10 'Not at all,' I lied, 'but I'm going to the dentist.'
“没关系，但我准备去牙医那里。”我说了个谎。
11 'Then I'll come with you,' he answered. 'There's always plenty to read in the waiting room!
“那我也跟你去，候诊室里总有很多东西可供阅读！”他回答
Plenty... to read 省略句elliptical sentence =plenty books/magazines to read.
Waiting room 等候室，候诊室的休息室
retiring room 休息室 study room 书房，自习室 bathroom 浴室
drawing room会客室，客厅 living room 客厅，起居室 bedroom 卧室
【Composition】
1 as(因为) whom(引导定语从句)…in order to (目的状语)
There was a dentist nearby whom she knew well Elizabeth decided to go there in order to explain what had happened.
3 Afrer Elizabeth left, the dentist went into the waiting room and asked Nigel if he wanted to have his teeth examined.
【Key structure】
动名词的用法
有些动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。这些动词包括avoid，admit，deny，fancy，finish，enjoy，mind（在乎，在意），suggest，stand（容忍）等。
有些结构通常要接动名词，如busy，worth，it is no/little use，bored with，interested in，insist on，prevent…from等：
I was looking forward to reading those books.
Well, you can’t read them, so it’s no use thinking about them.
动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语（即动作执行者，而不是句子的主语）：
Please excuse his not writing to you.
Do you mind my smoking?
come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词（climbing，driving，fishing，riding，shopping，walking等），表示建议、邀请或叙事。
There’s no point in my coming climbing with you.
我和你们去爬山毫无意义。 （there’s no point in =it is no use）
感知动词（hear，see，fell，watch等）后面既可以跟宾语加分词结构，也可以跟宾语加不带to的不定式。现在分词往往强调动作正在发生，用于叙述中时使人身临其境；不定式则可以表示动作发生了或过程结束了。有时它们之间的区别不大，可以互相替换使用。
【语法精粹】
动名词复合结构：由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成
动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语, 作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格, 形容词性物主代词), 但作宾语时可以用所有格, 也可用普通格(人称代词宾格)
His leaving is a great loss. 他的离去是一个很大的损失
Mother dislikes my(me) working late. 妈妈不喜欢我工作很迟
Mother dislikes my sleeping late.
John's having seen her did not make her worried.
约翰已经见到她的事实, 没有让她感到担心
后面可以接动词-ing的词：介词；某些动词，如avoid, enjoy, finish, It is no use, prevent sb from, fancy, imagine, escape, risk, allow，deny, appreciate, complete, delay, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, permit…
insist on doing, persist in doing, persevere in doing, give up doing
某些词加逻辑主语是，要用不定式作宾语，如：
allow+doing sth.(动名词作宾语) ；allow sb. to do sth.(不定式作宾语)
advise sb. to do sth. ；advise doing sth.
这类动词常见如：advise，allow，permit，recommend, etc.
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