查看while源代码
服务器代码
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define portnumber 3333
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
int local_listen_socket, server_session_socket;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr_info_struct;
struct sockaddr_in client_addr_info_struct;
int size_of_sockaddr_in;
int read_got_bytes_nr;
char buffer[1024];
/* socket: 服务器端开始建立sockfd描述符 */
if ((local_listen_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) { // AF_INET i.e. IPV4; SOCK_STREAM i.e. TCP
fprintf(stderr, "Socket error:%s\n\a", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
/* 准备 sockaddr结构及其内部IP、端口信息 */
bzero(&server_addr_info_struct, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); // 初始化,置0
server_addr_info_struct.sin_family = AF_INET; // Internet
server_addr_info_struct.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); // 将本机host上的long数据转化为网络上的long数据，使服务器程序能运行在不同CPU的主机上
// INADDR_ANY 表示主机监听任意/所有IP地址。
//server_addr_info_struct.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("192.168.1.1"); //用于绑定到一个固定IP,inet_addr用于把数字加格式的ip转化为整形ip
server_addr_info_struct.sin_port = htons(portnumber); // (将本机器上的short数据转化为网络上的short数据)端口号
/* bind: 绑定sockfd描述符 和 IP、端口 */
if (bind(local_listen_socket, (struct sockaddr*)(&server_addr_info_struct), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERR bind():%s\n\a", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
/* 设置允许连接的最大客户端数 */
if (listen(local_listen_socket, 5) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERR listen():%s\n\a", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
while (1) {
size_of_sockaddr_in = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
fprintf(stderr, "Listening & Accepting...\n");
if ((server_session_socket = accept(local_listen_socket, (struct sockaddr*)(&client_addr_info_struct), &size_of_sockaddr_in)) == -1) { // 服务器阻塞, 直到接受到客户连接
fprintf(stderr, "ERR accept():%s\n\a", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
fprintf(stderr, "Got connection from %s\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr_info_struct.sin_addr)); // 网络地址 转换成 字符串
if ((read_got_bytes_nr = read(server_session_socket, buffer, 1024)) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERR read():%s\n", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
buffer[read_got_bytes_nr] = '\0';
printf("Server received %s\n", buffer); /* 这个对话服务已经结束 */
close(server_session_socket); /* 下一个 */
}
/* 结束通讯 */
close(local_listen_socket);
exit(0);
}
客户端代码
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define portnumber 3333
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
int local_socket;
char buffer[1024];
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct hostent* host;
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage:%s hostname \a\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
/* 使用hostname查询host 名字 */
if ((host = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERR gethostbyname\n");
exit(1);
}
/* 客户程序开始建立 local_socket描述符 */
if ((local_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) { // AF_INET:Internet;SOCK_STREAM:TCP
fprintf(stderr, "ERR socket:%s\a\n", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
/* 客户程序填充服务端的资料 */
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); // 初始化,置0
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; // IPV4
server_addr.sin_port = htons(portnumber); // (将本机器上的short数据转化为网络上的short数据)端口号
server_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr*)host->h_addr); // IP地址
/* 客户程序发起连接请求 */
if (connect(local_socket, (struct sockaddr*)(&server_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERR connect:%s\a\n", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
/* 连接成功了 */
printf("Please typein a string:\n");
/* 读取和发送数据 */
fgets(buffer, 1024, stdin);
write(local_socket, buffer, strlen(buffer));
/* 结束通讯 */
close(local_socket);
exit(0);
}
编译并在Ubuntu运行
gcc server-while-tcp.c -o server-while-tcp
gcc client.c -o client
运行结果
服务器
客户端
修改服务器为多线程模式
服务器代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
//TODO: 某些头文件
#define MAX_BUFFER 1024
void* thread_function(void* arg_array) {
int nr_bytes_read, char_index;
char receive_and_send_buffer[MAX_BUFFER];
int* p_arg = (int*)arg_array;
int thread_session_socket = *p_arg;
printf("thread_session_socket = %d\n", thread_session_socket);
while (1) {
nr_bytes_read = recv(thread_session_socket, receive_and_send_buffer, MAX_BUFFER, 0);//TODO: 尝试从socket读取
if (nr_bytes_read == -1)//TODO: 如果错误，或没能从socket读取字符
break;
printf("Message from client(%d): %s\n", nr_bytes_read, receive_and_send_buffer);
char *p;
for (p = receive_and_send_buffer; *p != '\0'; p++)
*p = toupper(*p);
//TODO: 转换为大写
write(thread_session_socket, receive_and_send_buffer, MAX_BUFFER); //TODO: 返回给客户端
}
close(thread_session_socket);//TODO: 关闭socket
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
socklen_t size_of_client_sockaddr;
pthread_t tid;
int listen_socket;
int session_socket;
int return_code;
int port_number;
struct sockaddr_in client_remote_sockaddr;
struct sockaddr_in server_local_sockaddr;
//服务器端运行时要给出端口信息，该端口为监听端口
if (argc != 2) {
printf("Usage:%s port_number \n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
//获得输入的端口
port_number = atoi(argv[1]);
//创建套接字用于服务器的监听
listen_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//TODO: socket()
if (listen_socket == -1) {//TODO: 如果出错
perror("ERR socket.");
return 1;
}
//填充关于服务器的套节字信息
memset(&server_local_sockaddr, 0, sizeof(server_local_sockaddr));
server_local_sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_local_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
server_local_sockaddr.sin_port = htons(port_number);
//将服务器和套节字绑定
return_code = bind(listen_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server_local_sockaddr, sizeof(server_local_sockaddr));//TODO: 调用bind绑定地址和端口（提供服务的位置）
if (return_code == -1) {//TODO: 如果出错
perror("ERR bind.");
close(listen_socket);//TODO: 关闭监听socket
return 1;
}
//监听指定端口，连接5个客户端
return_code = listen(listen_socket, 5);//TODO: 请求监听、提供服务
if (return_code == -1) {//TODO: 如果出错
perror("ERR listen.");
close(listen_socket);//TODO: 关闭监听socket
return 1;
}
//对每个连接来的客户端创建一个线程，单独与其进行通信。
//首先调用read函数读取客户端发送来的信息，将其转换成大写后发送回客户端,#退出。
while (1) {
size_of_client_sockaddr = sizeof(client_remote_sockaddr);
//TODO: 12345 改为自己的学号，此处不要修改write调用和STDOUT_FILENO参数！
write(STDOUT_FILENO, "Listening & Accepting for 201930310035 ...\n", strlen("Listening & Accepting for 201930310035 ...\n"));
session_socket = accept(listen_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&client_remote_sockaddr, &size_of_client_sockaddr);//TODO: 调用accept阻塞，接到客户机时返回 session_socket
if (session_socket == -1) {//TODO: 如果出错
if (errno == EINTR) continue;
else {
perror("ERR accept(): cannot accept client connect request");
close(session_socket);//TODO: 关闭socket
return 1;
}
}
printf("session_socket = %d\n", session_socket); //打印建立连接的客户端产生的套节字
return_code = pthread_create(&tid, NULL, thread_function, (void*)&session_socket);//TODO: 调用 pthread_create，将 session_socket传递给 thread_function
if (return_code != 0) {//TODO: 如果出错
perror("ERR pthread_create()");
close(session_socket);//TODO: 关闭一个socket
close(listen_socket);//TODO: 关闭另一个socket
return 1;
}
}
return 0;
}
客户端代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//TODO: 某些头文件
#define MAX_BUFFER 1024
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
int local_socket;
int return_code;
char send_and_receive_buffer[MAX_BUFFER];
int port_number;
int nr_bytes_read;
static struct sockaddr_in server_sockaddr;
//客户端运行需要给出具体的连接地址和端口
if (argc != 3) {
printf("Usage: %s server_ip_address port_number \n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
//获得输入的端口
port_number = atoi(argv[2]);
//创建套节字用于客户端的连接
local_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//TODO: 调用socket
if (local_socket == -1) {//TODO: 如果错误
perror("ERR socket.");
return 1;
}
//填充关于服务器的套节字信息
memset(&server_sockaddr, 0, sizeof(server_sockaddr));
server_sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
server_sockaddr.sin_port = htons(port_number);
//连接指定的服务器
return_code = connect(local_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server_sockaddr, sizeof(server_sockaddr));//TODO: 调用connect
if (return_code == -1) {//TODO: 如果错误
perror("ERR connect.");
close(local_socket);
return 1;
}
memset(send_and_receive_buffer, 0, MAX_BUFFER);
//用户输入信息后，程序将输入的信息通过套接字发送给服务器 ，然后调用read函数从服务器中读取发送来的信息。
//输入“#”退出
while (1) {
//TODO: 12345 改为自己的学号，此处不要修改write调用和STDOUT_FILENO参数！
write(STDOUT_FILENO, "Type in a string for 201930310035:", strlen("Type in a string for 201930310035:"));
nr_bytes_read = read(STDIN_FILENO, send_and_receive_buffer, MAX_BUFFER);//TODO: 调用read, 从STDIN_FILENO读
if (nr_bytes_read > 0)
write(local_socket, send_and_receive_buffer, MAX_BUFFER);//TODO: 调用write，写socket
nr_bytes_read = read(local_socket, send_and_receive_buffer, MAX_BUFFER);//TODO: 调用read，读socket
if (nr_bytes_read > 0)
printf("Message form server: %s\n", send_and_receive_buffer);
if (send_and_receive_buffer[0] == '#')
break;
}
close(local_socket);
return 0;
}
编译后运行结果
服务器
客户端
3303
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