CentOS 7 - 安装MySQL 5.7

1. 下载 MySQL yum包

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

2.安装MySQL源

rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

3.安装MySQL服务端,需要等待一些时间

yum install -y mysql-community-server

注意此处如果出现

The GPG keys listed for the "MySQL 5.7 Community Server" repository are already installed 
but they are not correct for this package.
Check that the correct key URLs are configured for this repository.

这是由于MySQL GPG 密钥已过期导致的 问题解决出处
需要运行命令, 以2022年为例

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

​

4.启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld.service

5.检查是否启动成功

systemctl status mysqld.service

6.获取临时密码，MySQL5.7为root用户随机生成了一个密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 

7.通过临时密码登录MySQL，进行修改密码操作

mysql -uroot -p

使用临时密码登录后，不能进行其他的操作，否则会报错，这时候我们进行修改密码操作

8.因为MySQL的密码规则需要很复杂，我们一般自己设置的不会设置成这样，所以我们全局修改一下

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

这时候我们就可以自己设置想要的密码了

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';

9.授权其他机器远程登录

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
 
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

10.开启开机自启动

先退出mysql命令行，然后输入以下命令

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

11.设置MySQL的字符集为UTF-8，令其支持中文

vim /etc/my.cnf

改成如下,然后保存

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8
 
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

12.重启一下MySQL,令配置生效

service mysqld restart

13.防火墙开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

14.卸载MySQL仓库

一开始的时候我们安装的yum，每次yum操作都会更新一次，耗费时间，我们把他卸载掉

rpm -qa | grep mysql

yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

15.数据库的操作

（1）查看mysql是否启动：service mysqld status

启动mysql：service mysqld start

停止mysql：service mysqld stop

重启mysql：service mysqld restart

（2）查看临时密码：grep password /var/log/mysqld.log