Java继承

父类和子类有相同的成员变量

public class Person {
    private String name="person";
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    
	public void test(){
        System.out.println("personTest");
    }
}

public class Student extends Person{
    private String name="student";
    private int grade;

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getGrade() {
        return grade;
    }

    public void setGrade(int grade) {
        this.grade = grade;
    }

	public void test(){
        System.out.println("studentTest");
    }

	public void add(){
        System.out.println("add");
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Student student = new Student();
        System.out.println(student.getName());
    }
}

调用子类的

父类和子类有相同的成员方法

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Student student = new Student();
        student.test();
    }
}

调用子类的

向上转型

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Person student = new Student();
        System.out.println(student.getName());
        student.test();
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Person student = new Student();
        System.out.println(student.getGrade());
        student.add();
    }
}

可以调用子类重写的方法和相同的变量，不能调用子类新增的变量和方法