连接数据库,实现登录验证
一个简单的运用Servlet+JSP+MySQL的登录小程序!
工程目录结构如下图所示:
第一步:创建数据库login,新建登录表login_info,表内包含两个字段:
username和password。
PS:我是用的Navicat for MySQL工具建的表,省时省力哈哈
第二步:构建User.java类,存放username和password.代码如下:
package com.nantian.user;
/*
* 用户登录类,定义基本属性用户名和密码
*/
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername(){
return this.username;
}
public void setUsername(String username){
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword(){
return this.password;
}
public void setPassword(String password){
this.password = password;
}
}
第三步:编写连接数据库的类:DBDao.java;代码如下:
package com.nantian.dao;
import java.sql.*;
public class DBDao {
private static String USER = "root";
private static String PASSWORD = "root";
private static String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/login";
private static String DB_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
// private static String SQL = "";
private static Connection connection = null;
//连接数据库
public static Connection getConnection(){
try {
Class.forName(DB_DRIVER);
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASSWORD);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("数据库连接异常");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return connection;
}
public static void closeConnection(Connection connection){
if(connection != null){
try {
connection.close(); // 关闭数据库连接
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
第四步:编写数据库操作类:UserDao.java;代码如下:
package com.nantian.dao;
import java.sql.*;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;
import com.nantian.user.User;
public class UserDao {
User user = null;
private String SQL ="";
public User login(String username, String password){
SQL = "select * from login_info where username = ? and password = ?";
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try {
connection = DBDao.getConnection();
pstmt = (PreparedStatement) connection.prepareStatement(SQL);
//这里的意思将用户名和密码填到SQL语句的问号处
pstmt.setString(1, username);
pstmt.setString(2, password);
ResultSet rSet = (ResultSet) pstmt.executeQuery();//得到数据库的查询结果,一个数据集
//判断结果集是否有效
if(rSet.next()){
user = new User();
user.setUsername(rSet.getString("username"));
user.setPassword(rSet.getString("password"));
}
connection.close();
pstmt.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
DBDao.closeConnection(connection);
}
return user;
}
}
第五步:编写Servlet类:LoginServlet.java;代码如下:
package com.nantian.login.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.nantian.dao.UserDao;
import com.nantian.user.User;
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");
//获取用户名和密码
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//获取UserDao实例
UserDao userDao = new UserDao();
User user = userDao.login(username,password);
// 判断user是否为空
if(user != null){
// 转发到LoginSuccess.jsp页面
// getRequestDispatcher()是请求转发
request.getRequestDispatcher("LoginSuccess.jsp").forward(request, response);
}else{
// 登录失败
request.getRequestDispatcher("LoginFailed.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
第六步:编写login.jsp,LoginSuccess.jsp,LoginFailed.jsp
login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>登录界面</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
<!--判断是否为空-->
<script type="text/javascript">
function login(form){
if(form.username.value == ""){
alert("用户不能为空!");
return false;
}
if(form.password.value == ""){
alert("密码不能为空!");
return false;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<form method="post" action="LoginServlet" onSubmit="return login(this);">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username" ><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password" ><br>
登录角色:<select value="role">
<option value="普通用户" selected>普通用户</option>
<option value="管理员">管理员</option>
</select>
<br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
<input type="reset" value="重置">
</form>
</center>
</body>
</html>
PS:角色这里并没有用,就是一个权限管理的意思,没做。
LoginSuccess.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>登陆成功</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
欢迎您!!! <br>
</body>
</html>
LoginFailed.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>登录失败</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
登录失败,请返回重新登录 <br>
<!--注意此处的action中的路径写法-->
<form action="./jsp/login.jsp">
<input type = "submit" value = "返回">
</form>
</body>
</html>