Servlet入门----连接MySql数据库，实现登录验证操作

连接数据库，实现登录验证

一个简单的运用Servlet+JSP+MySQL的登录小程序！
工程目录结构如下图所示：

第一步：创建数据库login,新建登录表login_info,表内包含两个字段：
username和password。
ＰＳ：我是用的Navicat for MySQL工具建的表，省时省力哈哈
第二步：构建User.java类，存放username和password.代码如下：

package com.nantian.user;

/*
 * 用户登录类，定义基本属性用户名和密码
 */

public class User {

    private String username;

    private String password;

    public String getUsername(){
        return this.username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username){
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword(){
        return this.password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password){
        this.password = password;
    }
}

第三步：编写连接数据库的类：DBDao.java；代码如下：

package com.nantian.dao;

import java.sql.*;

public class DBDao {
    private static String USER = "root";
    private static String PASSWORD = "root";
    private static String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/login";
    private static String DB_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
//  private static String SQL = "";
    private static Connection connection = null;

    //连接数据库
    public static Connection getConnection(){

        try {
            Class.forName(DB_DRIVER);
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASSWORD);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("数据库连接异常");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return connection;
    }
    public  static void closeConnection(Connection connection){

                    if(connection != null){
                        try {
                            connection.close(); // 关闭数据库连接
                        } catch (SQLException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }
    }

第四步：编写数据库操作类：UserDao.java；代码如下：

package com.nantian.dao;

import java.sql.*;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;

import com.nantian.user.User;

public class UserDao {

    User user = null;
    private String SQL =""; 
    public User login(String username, String password){
        SQL = "select * from login_info where username = ? and password = ?";
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        try {
            connection = DBDao.getConnection();
            pstmt = (PreparedStatement) connection.prepareStatement(SQL);
            //这里的意思将用户名和密码填到SQL语句的问号处
            pstmt.setString(1, username);
            pstmt.setString(2, password);
            ResultSet rSet = (ResultSet) pstmt.executeQuery();//得到数据库的查询结果,一个数据集
            //判断结果集是否有效
            if(rSet.next()){
                user = new User();
                user.setUsername(rSet.getString("username"));
                user.setPassword(rSet.getString("password"));
            }
            connection.close();
            pstmt.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            DBDao.closeConnection(connection);
        }
        return user;
    }

}

第五步：编写Servlet类：LoginServlet.java；代码如下：

package com.nantian.login.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.nantian.dao.UserDao;
import com.nantian.user.User;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {


    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");
        //获取用户名和密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");

        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        //获取UserDao实例
        UserDao userDao = new UserDao();

        User user = userDao.login(username,password);
        // 判断user是否为空
        if(user != null){
        // 转发到LoginSuccess.jsp页面
        //  getRequestDispatcher()是请求转发
                request.getRequestDispatcher("LoginSuccess.jsp").forward(request, response);
        }else{
        // 登录失败
            request.getRequestDispatcher("LoginFailed.jsp").forward(request, response);
                }
        }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

第六步：编写login.jsp，LoginSuccess.jsp，LoginFailed.jsp
login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>登录界面</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
    <!--判断是否为空-->
     <script type="text/javascript">
        function login(form){
            if(form.username.value == ""){
                alert("用户不能为空！");
                return false;
            }
            if(form.password.value == ""){
                alert("密码不能为空！");
                return false;
            }
        }
    </script>
  </head>

  <body>
     <center>
         <form method="post" action="LoginServlet" onSubmit="return login(this);">
             用户名：<input type="text" name="username" ><br>
             密码：<input type="password" name="password" ><br>
             登录角色：<select value="role">
                 <option value="普通用户" selected>普通用户</option>
                 <option value="管理员">管理员</option>
                 </select>
                 <br>
            <input type="submit" value="登录">
            <input type="reset" value="重置">
        </form> 
    </center>
  </body>
</html>

PS:角色这里并没有用，就是一个权限管理的意思，没做。
LoginSuccess.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>登陆成功</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>

  <body>
        欢迎您！！！ <br>
  </body>
</html>

LoginFailed.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>登录失败</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>

  <body>
        登录失败，请返回重新登录 <br>
        <!--注意此处的action中的路径写法-->
        <form action="./jsp/login.jsp">
        <input type = "submit" value = "返回">
        </form>

  </body>
</html>