Servlet实现用户登录页面（通过数据库验证）

时间：2017年11月10日 21:08:51

最近学习了Servlet，为了巩固一下知识，用它来实现一个用户登录页面。

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实现原理：

1.用户通过login.html页面进行表单提交。

2.通过Servlet获取用户提交的表单，使用DBUtils技术获取数据库中的数据并进行校验

3.向页面输出校验结果

实现过程：

1.使用IDEA创建一个Web项目并配置好web.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.liweijian.login.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

<url-pattern>用于表单提交的虚拟地址

2. 创建继承于HttpServlet的类 LoginServlet 如下：

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws   ServletException, IOException {
    ｝

｝

3.导入DBUtils所需要的jar包并加入项目中

c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar
commons-dbutils-1.4.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.0.4-bin.jar

4.使用DBUtils工具类（此类需要自行提取封装）

package com.liweijian.utils;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;

public class DataSourceUtils {

	private static DataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();

	private static ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<Connection>();

	// 直接可以获取一个连接池
	public static DataSource getDataSource() {
		return dataSource;
	}

	// 获取连接对象
	public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {

		Connection con = tl.get();
		if (con == null) {
			con = dataSource.getConnection();
			tl.set(con);
		}
		return con;
	}

	// 开启事务
	public static void startTransaction() throws SQLException {
		Connection con = getConnection();
		if (con != null) {
			con.setAutoCommit(false);
		}
	}

	// 事务回滚
	public static void rollback() throws SQLException {
		Connection con = getConnection();
		if (con != null) {
			con.rollback();
		}
	}

	// 提交并且 关闭资源及从ThreadLocall中释放
	public static void commitAndRelease() throws SQLException {
		Connection con = getConnection();
		if (con != null) {
			con.commit(); // 事务提交
			con.close();// 关闭资源
			tl.remove();// 从线程绑定中移除
		}
	}

	// 关闭资源方法
	public static void closeConnection() throws SQLException {
		Connection con = getConnection();
		if (con != null) {
			con.close();
		}
	}

	public static void closeStatement(Statement st) throws SQLException {
		if (st != null) {
			st.close();
		}
	}

	public static void closeResultSet(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
		if (rs != null) {
			rs.close();
		}
	}

}

5. 配置c3p0-config.xml，此xml文件中定义了数据库的登录名和密码、数据库注册驱动以及需要连接的数据库名称

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<c3p0-config>
	<default-config>
		<property name="user">root</property>
		<property name="password">qq352642663</property>
		<property name="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql:///web13</property>
	</default-config> 
</c3p0-config> 

6.在doGet或者doPost方法中实现校验操作。

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws   ServletException, IOException {

        //1.获得用户的用户名和密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        User user;

        //2.从数据库判断用户名和密码
        QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(DataSourceUtils.getDataSource());
        String sql = "select * from User where username = ? and password = ?";
        try {
            user = queryRunner.query(sql, new BeanHandler<User>(User.class), username, password);

            //3.输出验证结果
            if (user!= null){
                response.getWriter().write(user.toString());
            }else {
                response.getWriter().write("sorry, your username or password is wrong!");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

 

在代码中使用query进行数据库操作时，需要创建与数据库字段所对应的实体类，即User，该类中包含相应的属性，且必须提供getter和setter

代码如下：

package com.liweijian.domain;

/**
 * @Author:Liweijian
 * @Description: 实体类 -- bean
 * @Date:Create in 20:45 2017/11/10 0010
 */
public class User {

    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String emain;

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public void setEmain(String emain) {
        this.emain = emain;
    }



    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public String getEmain() {
        return emain;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return getUsername() + "," + "welcome";
    }
}

7. 页面代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<htmllang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>用户登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login" method="post">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="username">
    密码：<input type="password" name="password">
    <input type="submit" value="login">
</form>

</body>
</html>

8. 运行tomcat服务器后 打开页面网址如下：http://localhost:8080/login.html 

9. 当点击login按钮之后，如果数据库中存在该用户，则返回

否则向页面输出