下面是一个++操作符重载的例子:
class
Int
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a41954a27d6ad96fa2c2cf816e677448.gif)
...
{
public:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
Int(int n = 0) : n_(n) ...{}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
Int operator ++(int)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
...{
Int temp(*this);
n_++;
return temp;
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
Int& operator ++()
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
...{
n_++;
return *this;
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
private:
int n_;
}
;
int
main()
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a41954a27d6ad96fa2c2cf816e677448.gif)
...
{
int i = 5, j = 10;
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
// 此行编译不过,因为i++是一个右值,不可以作为左值来使用
i++ = j++;
++i = ++j;
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
Int A = 10, B = 20;
// 此行编译通过
A++ = B++;
++A = ++B;
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
return getchar();
}
class
Int
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a41954a27d6ad96fa2c2cf816e677448.gif)
...
{
public:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
Int(int n = 0) : n_(n) ...{}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
// add const to avoid things like a++++;
const Int operator ++(int)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
...{
Int temp(*this);
n_++;
return temp;
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
Int& operator ++()
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
...{
n_++;
return *this;
}
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
private:
int n_;
}
;
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6810355c2f78c12e91b7997a8e8c583a.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a41954a27d6ad96fa2c2cf816e677448.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/1327ab569c1ae82736693a50b8e33378.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/7ff8d92cded7e0ce15e7ca1acc870052.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/7ff8d92cded7e0ce15e7ca1acc870052.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/0196c3df5ea9e936f21e9932cca91014.gif)
初看上面的代码,觉得没有什么问题。但我们运行一下下面的代码:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6810355c2f78c12e91b7997a8e8c583a.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a41954a27d6ad96fa2c2cf816e677448.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/1327ab569c1ae82736693a50b8e33378.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/0196c3df5ea9e936f21e9932cca91014.gif)
在i++ = j++;中,我们知道,i++之后返回的是一个临时变量,而内置类型的临时变量是无法做左值的。因此,该行编译出错。但后面的A++ = B++;却能通过编译,这是为什么呢?
原来,A++返回的虽然也是一个临时变量,但该临时变量在该表达式结束之前有效,因此并没有象内置类型那样出现编译错误。
是的,我们应该避免此类问题,我们类的操作符++应该与内置类型的表现一致。我们只需这样修改:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6810355c2f78c12e91b7997a8e8c583a.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a41954a27d6ad96fa2c2cf816e677448.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/1327ab569c1ae82736693a50b8e33378.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
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![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/0196c3df5ea9e936f21e9932cca91014.gif)
返回一个const,就避免了这种不一致。