Description
Farmer John likes to play mathematics games with his N cows. Recently, they are attracted by recursive sequences. In each turn, the cows would stand in a line, while John writes two positive numbers a and b on a blackboard. And then, the cows would say their identity number one by one. The first cow says the first number a and the second says the second number b. After that, the i-th cow says the sum of twice the (i-2)-th number, the (i-1)-th number, and
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8ed78b18ac14a4ecb56630a40fa44c18.png)
. Now, you need to write a program to calculate the number of the N-th cow in order to check if John’s cows can make it right.
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8ed78b18ac14a4ecb56630a40fa44c18.png)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/22875e86171e5b60dcb243b59de3c487.png)
Input
The first line of input contains an integer t, the number of test cases. t test cases follow.
Each case contains only one line with three numbers N, a and b where N,a,b <![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/48fb42b8e72338f077d46e9ff74ffd93.png)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/1a35ab99fc4305e4e1c0102eedaa0ffa.png)
as described above.
Each case contains only one line with three numbers N, a and b where N,a,b <
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/48fb42b8e72338f077d46e9ff74ffd93.png)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/1a35ab99fc4305e4e1c0102eedaa0ffa.png)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/d9efe1ce21b2c8d4b2797ef8bce8879a.png)
Output
For each test case, output the number of the N-th cow. This number might be very large, so you need to output it modulo 2147493647.
Sample Input
2 3 1 2 4 1 10
Sample Output
85
369
Hint
In the first case, the third number is 85 = 2*1十2十3^4. In the second case, the third number is 93 = 2*1十1*10十3^4 and the fourth number is 369 = 2 * 10 十 93 十 4^4.这个做了好久,真是醉了,就是查不出结果,自己动手算也没错,弄了大半天结果是因为自己的在求组和数的时候出错了,我。。。。求组合数的时候可以用杨辉三角进行求解,代码如下:原理图:void yanghui() { int i, j; C[0][0] = 1; for(i=1; i<=50; ++i) { C[i][0] = C[i][i] = 1; for(j=1; j<i; ++j) { C[i][j] = (C[i-1][j-1] + C[i-1][j]) % mod; } } }
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AC代码:#include<cstdio> #include<cstring> #include<algorithm> #include<iostream> #define maxn 8 using namespace std; typedef long long ll; ll k; const ll mod = 2147493647; int n = 7; int rol, col; struct Matrix { ll ma[maxn][maxn]; }; Matrix multi(Matrix a, Matrix b) { Matrix ans; memset(ans.ma, 0, sizeof(ans.ma)); int i, j, k; for(i=1; i<=n; ++i) for(j=1; j<=n; ++j) for(k=1; k<=n; ++k) ans.ma[i][j] = (ans.ma[i][j] + a.ma[i][k]*b.ma[k][j]) % mod; return ans; } Matrix pow(Matrix a, ll x) { Matrix ans; memset(ans.ma, 0, sizeof(ans.ma)); int i, j; for(i=1; i<=n; ++i) ans.ma[i][i] = 1; while(x) { if(x & 1) ans = multi(ans, a); a = multi(a, a); x >>= 1; } return ans; } int main() { int t; ll f[3]; scanf("%d",&t); while(t--) { Matrix ans, b; memset(b.ma, 0, sizeof(b.ma)); scanf("%lld%lld%lld",&k, &f[1], &f[2]); if(k<=2) { printf("%lld\n",f[k]%mod); continue; } int i, j; ll num1[7] = {f[1], f[2], 16, 8, 4, 2, 1}; ll num2[7][7] = {{0,2,0,0,0,0,0}, {1,1,0,0,0,0,0},{0,1,1,0,0,0,0},{0,4,4,1,0,0,0},{0,6,6,3,1,0,0},{0,4,4,3,2,1,0},{0,1,1,1,1,1,1}}; for(i=1; i<=n; ++i) b.ma[1][i] = num1[i-1]; for(i=1; i<=n; ++i) for(j=1; j<=n; ++j) ans.ma[i][j] = num2[i-1][j-1]; ans = pow(ans, k-2); ans =multi(b, ans); printf("%lld\n",ans.ma[1][2]); } return 0; }