spring环境变量的优先级

• 由高到低排列（来自spring官网）

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• ServletConfig parameters (if applicable, e.g. in case of a DispatcherServlet context)

• ServletContext parameters (web.xml context-param entries)

• JNDI environment variables ("java:comp/env/" entries)

• JVM system properties ("-D" command-line arguments)

• JVM system environment (operating system environment variables)

对于占位符，只要在任意属性资源里能找到就可以赋值，优先级高的会覆盖掉优先级低的