Table: Product
+--------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+--------------+---------+
| product_id | int |
| product_name | varchar |
| unit_price | int |
+--------------+---------+
product_id 是这张表的主键
Table: Sales
+-------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+-------------+---------+
| seller_id | int |
| product_id | int |
| buyer_id | int |
| sale_date | date |
| quantity | int |
| price | int |
+------ ------+---------+
这个表没有主键,它可以有重复的行.
product_id 是 Product 表的外键.
编写一个 SQL 查询,查询购买了 S8 手机却没有购买 iPhone 的买家。注意这里 S8 和 iPhone 是 Product 表中的产品。
查询结果格式如下图表示:
Product table:
+------------+--------------+------------+
| product_id | product_name | unit_price |
+------------+--------------+------------+
| 1 | S8 | 1000 |
| 2 | G4 | 800 |
| 3 | iPhone | 1400 |
+------------+--------------+------------+
Sales table:
+-----------+------------+----------+------------+----------+-------+
| seller_id | product_id | buyer_id | sale_date | quantity | price |
+-----------+------------+----------+------------+----------+-------+
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 2019-01-21 | 2 | 2000 |
| 1 | 2 | 2 | 2019-02-17 | 1 | 800 |
| 2 | 1 | 3 | 2019-06-02 | 1 | 800 |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 2019-05-13 | 2 | 2800 |
+-----------+------------+----------+------------+----------+-------+
Result table:
+-------------+
| buyer_id |
+-------------+
| 1 |
+-------------+
id 为 1 的买家购买了一部 S8,但是却没有购买 iPhone,而 id 为 3 的买家却同时购买了这 2 部手机。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/sales-analysis-ii
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审题:查询购买了 S8 手机却没有购买 iPhone 的买家。需要根据产品表,id查询产品。
思考:先找买s8的人,再找买ipone的人,然后排除。
解题:
解法一
先找出买了S8的人
(
select distinct buyer_id
from Product as P join Sales as S
on(P.product_id = S.product_id and P.product_name ='S8')
) as A
再找出买了iPhone的人
(
select distinct buyer_id
from Product as P join Sales as S
on(P.product_id = S.product_id and P.product_name ='iPhone')
) as B
再从买了S8的人中排除掉买了iPhone的。
用left join求差集
select A.buyer_id
from
(
select distinct buyer_id
from Product as P join Sales as S
on(P.product_id = S.product_id and P.product_name ='S8')
) as A
left join
(
select distinct buyer_id
from Product as P join Sales as S
on(P.product_id = S.product_id and P.product_name ='iPhone')
) as B
on(A.buyer_id = B.buyer_id)
where B.buyer_id is NULL
解法二
对每个买家,统计其买S8的总数量A和iphone的总数量B。
选出A大于0但是B等于0的买家。
要连接销售表和产品表。但并不是每个产品都会被用户买。因此要用left join。
其次要按买家分组,计算A和B,选出A>0且B=0的买家。
-- 练习
select S.buyer_id from Sales as S left join Product as P
on(P.product_id = S.product_id)
group by S.buyer_id
-- s8大于零,iphone等于零
having sum(if(P.product_name ='S8',1,0)) > 0 and sum(if(P.product_name ='iPhone',1,0)) =0
select S.buyer_id
from Sales as S left join Product as P
on(P.product_id = S.product_id)
group by S.buyer_id
having sum(if(P.product_name ='S8',1,0)) > 0 and sum(if(P.product_name ='iPhone',1,0)) =0
知识点: