day7-字典作业

1. 定义一个列表，在列表中保存6个学生的信息(学生信息中包括: 姓名、年龄、成绩(单科)、电话、性别(男、女、不明) )

   students = [{'name': '张三', 'age': 23, 'score': 62, 'cell': '110', 'gender': '不明'},
               {'name': '李四', 'age': 24, 'score': 70, 'cell': '120', 'gender': '不明'},
               {'name': '王二', 'age': 22, 'score': 98, 'cell': '119', 'gender': '男'},
               {'name': '二狗', 'age': 2, 'score': 42, 'cell': '114', 'gender': '不明'},
               {'name': '小翠', 'age': 18, 'score': 95, 'cell': '118', 'gender': '不明'},
               {'name': '小花', 'age': 12, 'score': 8, 'cell': '1168', 'gender': '女'}]
   

   1. 统计不及格学生的个数

      count1 = 0
      for x in students:
          if x['score'] < 60:
              count1 += 1
      print('不及格学生个数：', count1)
      

   2. 打印不及格学生的名字和对应的成绩

      for x in students:
          if x['score'] < 60:
              print('不及格学生姓名：', x['name'], '；分数：', x['score'], sep='')
      

   3. 统计未成年学生的个数

      count1 = 0
      for x in students:
          if x['age'] < 18:
              count1 += 1
      print('未成年学生的个数：', count1)
      

   4. 打印手机尾号是8的学生的名字

      print('手机尾号是8的学生有：', end='')
      # 方法一：
      for x in students:
          if int(x['cell']) % 10 == 8:
              print(x['name'], sep='', end=' ')
      print()
      
      # 方法二：
      for stu in students:
      	if stu['cell'][-1] == '8':
        		print(stu['name'])   
      

   5. 打印最高分和对应的学生的名字

      # 方法一：
      max_score = students[0]['score']
      for stu in students[1:]:
          score = stu['score']
          if score > max_score:
              max_score = score
      
      for stu in students:
          if stu['score'] == max_score:
              print(stu['name'], max_score)
              
       # 方法二：  
      max_score = students[0]['score']
      names = [students[0]['name']]
      for stu in students[1:]:
          score = stu['score']
          if score == max_score:
              names.append(stu['name'])
          elif score > max_score:
              max_score = score
              names.clear()
              names.append(stu['name'])
      print(names, max_score)     
      

   6. 删除性别不明的所有学生

        # 方法一：
        students_copy = students.copy()
        for stu in students:
        	if stu['gender'] == '不明':
        		students_copy.remove(stu)
        print(students_copy)
        	
        # 方法二：
        new_students = [stu for stu in students if stu['gender'] != '不明']
        print(new_students)
      

   7. 将列表按学生成绩从大到小排序(挣扎一下，不行就放弃)

      students.sort(key=lambda item: item['score'], reverse=True)
      print(students)
      

2. 用三个元组表示三门学科的选课学生姓名(一个学生可以同时选多门课)

   Math = ('张三', '李四')
   English = ('张三', '王二')
   Music = ('张三', '李四', '王二')
   subjects = [Math, English, Music]
   

   1. 求选课学生总共有多少人

      list1 = []
      for x in subjects:
          for y in x[0:]:
              if y not in list1:
                  list1.append(y)
      print('选课学生共有：', len(list1))
      

   2. 求只选了第一个学科的人的数量和对应的名字

      print('只选了第一个学科的人数：', len(subjects[0]))
      for x in subjects[0][:]:
          print(x)
      

   3. 求只选了一门学科的学生的数量和对应的名字

      list1 = []
      count1 = 0
      for x in subjects[0]:
          if x not in subjects[1] and x not in subjects[2]:
              list1.append(x)
              count1 += 1
      for y in subjects[1]:
          if y not in subjects[0] and y not in subjects[2]:
              list1.append(y)
              count1 += 1
      for z in subjects[2]:
          if z not in subjects[0] and z not in subjects[1]:
              list1.append(z)
              count1 += 1
      print('只选了一门学科的学生人数：', count1, '；名字为：', list1)
      

   4. 求只选了两门学科的学生的数量和对应的名字

      list1 = []
      count1 = 0
      for x in subjects[0]:
          if x in subjects[1] and x not in subjects[2]:
              list1.append(x)
              count1 += 1
      for y in subjects[1]:
          if y not in subjects[0] and y in subjects[2]:
              list1.append(y)
              count1 += 1
      for z in subjects[2]:
          if z in subjects[0] and z not in subjects[1]:
              list1.append(z)
              count1 += 1
      print('只选了两门学科的学生人数：', count1, '；名字为：', list1)
      

   5. 求选了三门学生的学生的数量和对应的名字

      list1 = []
      count1 = 0
      for x in subjects[0]:
          if x in subjects[1] and x in subjects[2]:
              list1.append(x)
              count1 += 1
      print('选了三门学科的学生人数：', count1, '；名字为：', list1)